STRATIGRAPHY OF SHAN-TUNG. 37 
its base is somewhat shifted. Thus, the Kiu-lung, which in the Ch’ang-hia 
district is a group composed of three formations, is in the Sin-t’ai district 
a consistent formation, containing members of limestone and shale which 
are of local occurrence only. 
In the region about Yen-chuang, the prominent features of the section 
are as follows, reading from the top downward: 
iS UP PELNIGSE IMESLONGeMEH DCist aici «oie shee s oak slelela ete ee ertlewiene Sia 250-300 feet, 75-90 meters. 
(Thin-bedded gray limestones, often conglomeratic, which represent 
most of the Ch’au-mi-tién formation.) 
AmUipper shale ment beta ci asic cislacirsas cis tee eS eces ac rather a aes 
(Green shales, usually in two layers separated by a thin limestone. 
The shales themselves are sometimes soft and argillaceous, but 
at other levels are hard and slaty, containing numerous limestone 
nodules.) 
aoe Middilel ImiestOne UENI betes sa.c< serch npr os ce o% x 0 cmb iayele ers oon aldo e 120-150 feet, 36-45 meters. 
(Light gray dense or granular limestone, usually mottled with ocher. 
Represents the upper one-third of the Ch’ang-hia limestone.) 
100-120 feet, 30-36 meters. 
Pe OWEN SHAE st E8il DET hoo chee eich a streia)in) 0.01 10,5) 0 aus, are, 6 oe 2 ahs/auaceunreye) cae . 100-170 feet, 30-50 meters. 
(Soft green shales containing thin strata and nodules of dense limestone.) 
Fe COWest) MmeSLONe Me HIDE Narn mee ide sier- Sice leies @ ai ekwes sane sa ee ue 100-180 feet, 30-54 meters, 
(Dark gray limestone, much of it oolitic and thick-bedded. The basal 
layers are frequently slabby and more or less replaced by green shales 
and calcareous sandstone. Fossiliferous layers were found at 
frequent intervals from bottom to top of this series, and they may 
be expected at almost any horizon in it.) 
Beginning with the base of these sediments as they succeed the Man-t’ou 
shales, we find in the mountain northeast of Sin-t’ai-hién a sandy, gray 
limestone, which contains several strata of calcareous sandstone. ‘This 
arenaceous member averages 40 feet, 12 meters, thick, and yields numerous 
specimens of a single brachiopod (Obolus obscurus). The same lithologic 
horizon was found again in the Kiu-lung-shan, southwest of Yen-chuang. 
Above the sandy member in the Sin-t’ai section follow 330 feet, 105 
meters, of rather thin-bedded gray limestone, which is largely oolitic and 
frequently very dark in color, thus agreeing essentially with the Ch’ang-hia 
oolite. The uppermost strata are thin-bedded light gray limestones of 
fine texture, dense, and mottled with ocher. This phase, however, is by 
no means constant. About 4 miles north of Sin-t’ai, and only 1.5 miles, 
2 kilometers, from the section just mentioned,a member of soft green shale 
is found occupying the central portion of these limestones to a thickness 
of about 50 feet, 15 meters. ‘This shale contains flattish nodules of lime- 
stone which are exceedingly rich in fossils. A similar condition was noted 
near Kau-kia-p’u and in the Kiu-lung-shan, where 30 feet, 9 meters, of 
the shales occur only 20 feet, 6 meters, below the summit of the limestones, 
which are regarded as correlative with the Ch’ang-hia formation. Well- 
preserved specimens of Middle Cambrian trilobites and brachiopods abound 
in two or three seams of limestone which interrupt the shales. 
