STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY OF SHAN-TUNG. 73 
Europe, two scarps which I have seen may be cited. One is in Bohemia, 
between Zwittau and Mahrisch-Trtibau, a scarp of early or middle Miocene 
development which has been cut back to a notable degree, but not so far as 
those of Shan-tung. The other, on the lower Danube, between Milanovac 
and Ordova, is a fault which diverted the great river at the close of the 
Miocene or early in the Pliocene (Pontische Stufe) and which still rises 
boldly above the stream in the great limestone cliff of Velikie Strbac. 
The later Eocene being probably the latest epoch during which the 
faulting of Shan-tung may have been completed, we are limited by physio- 
graphic considerations to a not much earlier date for the beginning of 
the movements. In view of the wide extension of peneplains of Cretaceous 
age in America and Europe, I hold it to be improbable that there are 
still in existence notable elevations of the surface which originated before 
the Cretaceous period, except such as have been buried and resurrected. 
Of the latter process there is no evidence in Shan-tung; on the contrary, 
proximity to the sea and relatively great elevation have given eroding 
agencies peculiar vigor. Hence I think it unlikely that the faulting began 
until the early Tertiary. 
