“a- 
92 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
in any of the outcrops. Furthermore, one member of this series is a 
massive pure quartzite, something not seen in the Yung-ning sandstone 
as developed north of Fu-chéu. The quartzite is associated with soft 
clay shales of variegated colors; these also are unknown in the original 
section of the Yung-ning formation. The data for definite correlation with 
any other series are not available, but such observations as were made 
point rather to a connection between these sandstones and the Fu-chéu 
series, which outcrops on both sides of them, and we have, therefore, 
included them provisionally under that name. 
Upon von Richthofen’s map the Yung-ning sandstone is represented 
as extending from the Fu-chéu-ho southeastward to Pu-lan-tién. This 
mapping is, of course, hypothetical, since the author’s own route lay some- 
what to the southwest; and along a nearly direct line connecting Fu-chéu 
and Pu-lan-tién the geology was found to be somewhat different. South- 
east of the belt of sandstone, quartzites, and shales just mentioned, there 
is an exposure of the Fu-chéu series, which trends northeastward, as do 
the others. Immediately northwest of Pu-lan-tién the valleys are heavily 
aggraded, exposures of rock are few and obscured with soil; at several 
points, however, the bed-rock was observed. In one instance it was 
found to consist of soft greenish shales; in another of very siliceous buff 
limestone; while in a third case the character of the soil indicated the 
presence of white quartzite. To just what series these isolated masses 
may belong is a matter of conjecture. It is fairly certain that they are 
not to be classed with the Yung-ning sandstone, but more probably with 
the Fu-chéu series. 
Fu-chow series.—For the succession of gray and green calcareous and 
shaly rocks, apparently overlying the Yung-ning sandstone, we shall use 
the name Fu-chéu series, believing it safer to do so than to extend from 
Shan-tung the term ‘‘Tung-w6n”’ series, used by von Richthofen. The 
Fu-chéu series also includes certain members, which do not appear in his 
section of the ‘‘Tung-w6n Schichten”’ in Liau-tung. The only exposure 
of these rocks which came to my notice lies between the southern edge of 
the Yung-ning sandstone near Fu-chéu and the gneissic outcrop near 
Ting-t’un. In this district there are several wide sandy valleys, which 
run parallel to the strike of the rocks and therefore conceal certain members 
of the series. The existence of overthrust faults adds to the uncertainty 
regarding the facts of the stratigraphy. 
The member which appears to be lowest in the series is the quartzite, 
which lies upon the gneiss at the southern edge of the exposure. This 
member is a pure gray quartzite, about 100 feet, 30 meters, thick, without 
conglomerate. The contact between the quartzite and the gneiss was not 
