128 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
range on the east side of the valley, and, like them, doubtless belong to 
the Tung-yii formation. 
In the Ki-chou-shan.—Along the base of the high range which bounds 
the Hin-chéu basin on the south, we found the Tung-yti strata alternating 
in the foothills with the granites and schists of the basal complex. In 
the north slope of this mountain (Ki-chéu-shan) the folds and overthrusts 
have a more westerly trend than the recent normal fault-scarp. This, 
combined with the westerly pitch of the folds, causes the several formations 
to appear successively en échelon from under the Sinian strata, and disappear 
again under the plain to the westward. 
The isolated hill south of Fang-lan-chén is composed of graywacke 
and coarse conglomerate, which are unlike any other rocks found in this 
district. They have been strained and slightly crushed, but are not 
severely metamorphosed. The pebbles of the conglomerate include quartz- 
ite scapolite-schist, and sericite-phyllite. Superficially the rock bears some 
resemblance to certain conglomerates of the Wu-t’ai system, but it is 
less metamorphosed and contains pebbles of schist which were probably 
N 

° 1000 2Z000FEET 
_—————— rd 
Fic. 25 (Willis. Atlas sheet CI, section J J).—Tung-yii Shan-si. Partial section of Tung-yii limestones 
and slates (Algonkian), in the ridge northwest of the town. a = green phyllite and thin ferruginous 
limestone; b = white and pink crystalline limestone with thin phyllite bands; c = buff and gray 
dense limestones; d = gray slate and thin ferruginous limestone; e = dense gray limestone. 
derived from that older series. We, therefore, regard it as a part of the 
Hu-t’o system; and since it lies near the edge of the synclinorium and 
adjacent to an exposure of the T’ai-shan complex, we feel justified in 
thinking that it lies near, if not at, the base of the system. 
At Chung-hua, southwest of the T’ai-shan outcrop, a complex of 
old sedimentary rocks is overthrust against the lower Cambrian. They 
comprise gray banded limestone and thin soft shales, red and white quartz- 
ites, and greenish argillites, with dikes of greenstone. Being only slightly 
metamorphosed, these are thought to be Hu-t’o strata. 
South of Han-yang, gray crystalline limestones without any note- 
worthy amount of flint are the sole representatives of the Hu-t’o system. 
This phase is exposed in the outlying hills at the northern base of the high 
range, and extends southwestward past the Shi-ling gap and into the 
range which rises on the west. The strata are gray impure carbonate 
rocks with thin beds of soft gray slate; the sandy feel suggests dolo- 
mite. This saccharoidal limestone is an unfamiliar phase, which is included 
