144 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
its massive upper layers standing out in precipitous walls and ledges. As 
usual, this part of the Ki-chéu has few fossils; only scattered specimens 
of Orthoceras, coiled gastropods, and other forms of Ordovician age were 
found near the top of the limestone in the vicinity of the Yau-t’6u coal- 
field. In the bottoms of the valleys the thin-bedded gray and greenish 
limestones of the Cambrian frequently appear, giving evidence of the fact 
that the base of the formation is not far beneath the present grade of the 
river. 
A few fossils of Middle Cambrian age were obtained from a horizon 
not more than 300 feet, 90 meters, above the Man-t’o shales: 
Anomocare sp. undt. Anomocarella, cf. bura Walcott 
Anomocarella rma Walcott 
The occurrence of a trilobite closely resembling Anomocarella bura sug- 
gests that this is about the horizon of the top of the Ch’ang-hia limestone 
of Shan-tung. A southern tributary, which joins the T’ai-shan-ho south 
of Yau-t’6u, exposes the Man-t’o formation lying upon Wu-t’a1 schists, 
as previously described. At the base lie 12 feet, 3.6 meters, of coarse 
red conglomerate and sandstone, followed by massive red shales, red 
limestone, and variegated sandy shales. Near the top of the formation 
brown shales and thin limestone are capped by the gray oolitic flags of 
the Middle Cambrian. At this point the Man-t’o is about 250 feet, 75 
meters, thick and the oolitic portion of the Ki-chéu was estimated to 
comprise an additional 300 feet, 90 meters. 
Vicinity of Tung-y#.— The lower members of the Sinian are admirably 
exposed in the hills southwest of Tung-yti (Fig. 33). They occupy the 
top of the ridge and lie almost horizontally upon the highly inclined Algon- 
kian strata. The Man-t’o is represented by 170 feet, 52 meters, of red shaly 
rocks. At the base a variable thickness of conglomerate rests upon the 
slightly uneven Pre-Cambrian land surface. This is quickly followed by 
red shales and impure limestones, which constitute the bulk of the forma- 
tion. No fossils were observed in the Man-t’o. 
The Middle Cambrian rocks above the Man-t’o are gray and buff 
limestones, often shaly and interbedded with shales. The lower lime- 
stones contain many black oolitic bodies identical with those in the Ch’ang- 
hia limestones in Shan-tung. Fossils were obtained from several horizons 
in the oolite. Among them are many species, which have near relatives 
in the Ch’ang-hia limestone, and five species which are common to the 
two formations. Thirty feet, 9 meters, above the base of the Ki-chéu 
limestone the following forms were collected: 
Scenella dilatatus Walcott Agraulos (?) capax Walcott 
Stenotheca (22) simplex Walcott Ptychoparia (2) mata Walcott 
Agraulos vicina Walcott Ptychoparia sp. undt. 
Agraulos (2?) melie Walcott 
