160 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
of the Tung-yii series lie upon red shale and oolitic limestone of the Cam- 
brian in inverted order, the Pre-Cambrian being overthrust along the 
stratum of easy movement, the Lower Cambrian red shale. About 800 
feet, 240 meters, further downstream the thin-bedded oolitic limestones 
are overthrust upon the very massive Ki-chéu (Cambro-Ordovician) lime- 
stone which normally overlies them, and this massive limestone forms the 
section for 2 miles, 3.5 kilometers, further to the southeast, as far as it was 
followed. Later observations southeast of Shi-p’an-k’6u show that the 
synclinorium is about 6 miles, 10 kilometers, wide. In-general the dips are 
gentle, though variable, but there are two conspicuous keel-shaped anti- 
clines overturned southward, and also rectangular folds. 
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Fic. 50 (Willis) —Wu-t’ai-hién, Shan-si. In the canyon of the Sing-ho, 7 miles, 11 kilometers, 
southeast of the city. Sketch of canyon wall showing the Ki-chéu limestone closely folded 
and overturned southward, and overthrust by a massive plate of the same formation. 
Section on the Sing-ho.—Southeast of Wu-t’ai-hién the narrow canyon 
by which the Sing-ho escapes from the broad basin exposes a section of 
unusual interest. Near the northern end of the canyon, on the south- 
western bank, is an isolated hill which rises 210 feet, 700 meters, above 
the river. Its complex structure is delineated in Fig. 38. It consists of 
dark red Man-t’o (Cambrian) shale, capped by quartzite of the Hu-t’o 
system. Along its southern slope oolitic limestone and red shale occur 
in a synclinal fold. Outcrops of the red shale are distinguishable on the 
eastern slope of the canyon, and the stratum, together with the oolite, is 
continuous and widens to beyond the Shi-t’ou-ho. At the Sing-ho the 
syncline is pinched and ends. The vertical southern limb of red shale, 
