274 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
through which are scattered abundant pink crystals of calcite, and which 
is interbedded with thin layers of greenish shale. 
From this material Dr. Girty has identified the following: 
Fistulipora willistana Girty Fenestella (?) sp. Rhynchonella (2) sp. 
Fistulipora sp. Dalmanella (2) sp. Pretus (2) sp. 
Leioclema sp. Schuchertella (2) sp. Fish plate (?) 
Tenvodictya (2) sp. Spirifer (2) sp. Crinoidal fragments 
It will be observed that, with the exception of the genus Fistulipora, 
none of the forms in this list occur in any of the other lots collected from 
the base of the Wu-shan limestone. 
The evidence furnished by this fauna is not conclusive. The bry- 
ozoans are considered by Ulrich and Bassler as of Lower Carboniferous 
(Mississippian) age. The associated forms, however, are not entirely 
consonant and suggest to Girty an earlier period— Devonian or possibly 
Silurian. It is evident that the association is an unfamiliar one, which 
indicates an earlier appearance of the bryozoans or a later range of the 
brachiopods. In the Wu-shan limestone at Tung-kuan-k’6u, about 1,200 
feet, 360 meters, above this horizon and in the immediate vicinity, Upper 
Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) forms were collected. Furthermore, fos- 
sils obtained on the Ta-ning-ho, from the basal layers of the Wu-shan, 
are also of Upper Carboniferous age, and it is therefore probable that no 
part of the great limestone can be assigned to the Lower Carboniferous. 
We thus have no more than a few feet of shale between a definite Upper 
Carboniferous horizon and a doubtful one, which is either Lower Carbon- 
iferous or earlier. We do not think it can be much earlier and therefore 
assign it, and with it the passage from Sin-t’an shale to Wu-shan lime- 
stone, to the Lower Carboniferous. As the middle Ordovician fauna 
collected at Sii-kia-pa is close to the transition zone from the Ki-sin-ling 
limestone to the Sin-t’an shale, that is, near the base of the shale, it is 
evident that the Sin-t’an formation, 1,800 feet, 540 meters, thick, repre- 
sents Silurian and Devonian time in this region. What part of it may be 
Silurian or Devonian, and what intervals may be represented by little or 
no sediment, we do not know. 
WU-SHAN LIMESTONES. 
Across the Yang-tzi from the town of Wu-shan-hién rise the smooth 
dip slopes of a hard limestone, which is completely cut through by the 
Yang-tzi in the magnificent Wu-shan gorge. The same great limestone 
is exposed in successive folds in most of the other gorges, both on the 
Yang-tzi and the Ta-ning-ho. In a well-determined section it measures 
3,400 feet, 1,050 meters, without the lower part; the total thickness is esti- 
mated at about 4,000 feet, 1,200 meters, 
