306 RESEARCH IN CHINA. 
Wu-shan coals occur they crop out southwest of the Han-kiang and it is 
possible that they lie at gentler dips and are less squeezed than near Siau- 
tau-ho; but the schistosity, which strikes northwest across the basin and 
dips 67° northeast, indicates that the coal would be disturbed. The schists 
are cut by large masses of basic igneous rock, similar in appearance to 
the gabbros that occur further south. Tzi-yang-hién lies in the syncline, 
and for convenience of statement the name Tzi-yang may be applied to 
the basin. 
The Tzi-yang basin and the syncline at Siau-tau-ho are adjacent, 
but apparently not connected. If they were connected, the coal-beds 
which strike north of the river at Siau-tau-ho should recross it near 
Ta-tau-ho, striking southwest and dipping northwest. We saw no such 
recurrence of the coal nor any structure parallel to that strike. We infer 
that the two synclines are separated by an overthrust, which replaces the 
anticline that should lie between them and is of such displacement as to 
bring into close proximity two folds whose axes are at right angles to 
one another. 
Between Han-wang-ch’6ng and Lién-hua-shi (atlas sheet a 4) a nearly 
complete section of the Han system is apparently displayed. Northwest 
of Han-wang-ch’6ng the canyon is-roughly parallel to the strike of a series 
of blue-gray shaly limestones, with which are associated thinner members 
of gray slates and schists. There is a notable lack of coal-veins and black 
rocks in general. The dip of the limestone is usually steep, being 45° to 
80° to the northeast and 60° to the southwest. It seems to be an anti- 
cline which is locally overturned southward. Near Siié-hua the limestone 
passes south of the river, and the rock of the banks is greenish slate or 
schist; but thence for 6 miles upstream to beyond Han-yang-p’ing, the 
limestone prevails. We regard the limestone as the lowest formation of 
the Han system, the Ki-sin-ling (Cambro-Ordovician), but we here see 
only its uppermost strata, and we do not know of any other occurrence 
of it in the Han valley. 
If our identification of the Ki-sin-ling limestone in this stretch above 
Han-wang-ch’6ng and that of the K’ui-chéu schists in the Tzi-yang basin 
both be correct, it is apparent that the relation between the two can not 
be one of regular structure, since the Cambro-Ordovician is thus brought 
over the Mesozoic. The inferences as to age are consistent only with the 
further inference that the Ki-sin-ling limestone is overthrust upon the 
K’ui-chéu schists. The position of this overthrust falls in line with that 
noted as probable at P’ing-li-hién and near Siau-tau-ho, and the fact that 
the three sections, which we thus observed in a distance of 70 miles, 112 
kilometers, along the course of the fault, sustain one another gives us 
confidence in the suggestion, 
