276 A TEXTBOOK OF GENERAL BOTANY 

Fic. 258. Inflated capsule of Cardiosper- 
mum halicacabum. (X $) 
inclosed in a cuplike torus. 
During the formation of 
the fruit the carpels fuse 
with the torus and form 
the apple fruit. In this 
(Fig. 253) the ovary is 
represented by the core 
and the torus by the sur- 
rounding fleshy portion. 
In some fleshy fruits 
the fleshy part consists 
entirely of the enlarged 
torus (Figs. 248, 254). In 
the lime the fleshy por- 
tion is formed by hairlike outgrowths from the walls of the 
ovary (Fig. 255). The fleshy part in some cases is composed 

Fig. 259. Follicle of 
a milkweed (Asclepias 
curassavica), showing 
liberation of seed with 
Fig. 260. Unusual types of pods 
Left, Abrus precatorius (x1); the seeds are very 
hard and bright red, with black spots at one end, and, 
although indigestible, are dispersed by birds. Right, 
Pithecolobium dulce (x 4); the seeds have a white 
hairy appendages. (x 3) fleshy covering and are dispersed by birds 
