
Fic. 411. Vertical branch of fe- | Fra. 412. Thallus of Pellia (one of the 
male thallus of Marchantia with — Jungermanniales) with unopened and 
many sporophytes. (x 23) opened sporophyte. (x 2) 

Fie.413. Leafy liverworts 
In the drawing at the left each leaf consists 
of a large and asmall lobe; on the left side 
there is a sporophyte which has elongated 
out of the perianth and has opened; above 
this sporophyte is another which is still 
inclosed within the perianth (x 4). In the 
drawiug at the right, each leaf consists of a The sporophyte consists of a spo- 
large and a small lobe (x 1) rangium, stalk, and foot, (x 20) 

Fig. 414. Longitudinal section 
through sporophyte of Ptilidium, 
one of the Jungermanniales 
