466 
Antheridium, 325; of Anthoceros, 377* ; 
of bryophytes, 367; of Filiciniae, 
389; of liverworts, 3869-370; of 
Marchantia, 374* ; of a moss, 380* ; 
of Riccia, 869* ; of Saprolegnia, 345 
Anthoceros, 378* ; antheridia of, 377% ; 
and Filiciniae, 397; and Selaginella, 
402 
Anthocerotales, 8379-380; and Musci, 381 
Anthrodesmus, 338* 
Antigonon leptopus, modified stem of, 
167% 
Antipodal cells, 222, 431 
Aphanothece, 310* 
Apical growth, 96-97, 98 
Appendages, feathery, 284 
Apple, 274, 276, 279 
Apple scab, 851* 
Aquatic plants, 18, 80 
Aquatics, 181; submerged, 86-87 
Araceae, 219 
Archegonium, of bryophytes, 367; of 
conifers, 428, 425*; of Cycadales, 
409; of Cycas rumphii, 412*, 413%, 
414*; of Filiciniae, 389-392; of 
gymnosperms, 405; of MHepaticae, 
369-871 ; of Jungermanniales, 379 ; 
of Marchantia, 3874-875, 377; of 
moss, 880*, 381* ; of Ricciales, 374- 
375 ; of Spermatophyta, 404-405 
Argemone mexicana, capsule of, 275% 
Aristolochia elegans, capsule of, 285% ; 
stem of, 116*, 118* 
Aristotle, 1 
Aroids, 115, 172, 436 
Artabotrys uncinatus, stem of, 165* 
Artocarpus communis (breadfruit), 
fruit of, 273* 
Asclepias curassavica (milkweed), fol- 
licle of, 276* 
Ascomycetes, 351-8538 ; in lichens, 366 ; 
Saccharomyces, 852-853 
Ascospores, 351; of yeast, 853* 
Ascus, 351; of Lachnea, 350* ; of truffle, 
351* ; of Xylaria, 852* 
Asexual reproduction, 204-205 
Ash, fruit of, 283* 
Asparagus, 115 
Asparagus fern, 170 
Assimilation of mineral matter, 58 
Atmosphere, gases of, 8 
Atoms, 10 
Auricularia, 859* 
Auriculariales, 359% 
Axillary branches, 107 
Axillary buds, 99 
A TEXTBOOK OF GENERAL BOTANY 
Bachelor’s button (Gomphrena glo- 
bosa), flowers of, 218* 
Bacillus, 305 
Bacteria, 83, 86, 304-809; cell struc- 
ture of, 805-307; decay, 306-307 ; 
disease, 807; and fungi, 343-344 ; 
nitrogen-fixing, 189, 307-308; re- 
lationship of, 3809; reproduction 
of, 808; sources of energy of, 808- 
309 
Balsam, 279 
Bamboo, 113, 115, 180 
Banana, 78*, 115, 132, 204, 279 ; cross 
section of false trunk of, 79* ; leaf 
of, 72*; leaf bases of, 78-79 
Barberry, wheat rust on, 356*, 362- 
363 
Bark, 148 ; of old trees, 155 ; secondary 
changes in, 152-163 
Barley, 254; starch grains of, 295* 
Base of leaf, 26, 27; supporting, 78-79 
Basidiomycetes, 355-863 ; divisions of, 
355; Hubasidii, 3638; Hemibasidii, 
355-356 ; in lichens, 366; Protoba- 
sidii, 357-363 
Basidiospores, 354*, 355. 358 
Basidium, 354*, 355 
Bast fibers, 145-146 
Bean, 18, 219, 254; sections of roots 
of mungo (Phaseolus radiatus), 195*, 
196*, 197* ; seedling of mungo, 110* 
Beets, 14 
Beggar-ticks 
277% 
Begonia, 88, 205, 439 
Berries, 277, 279 
Betel-nut palm, seed of, 291* 
3icollateral bundles, 127 
Bidens (beggar-ticks), achenes of, 277* 
Biennials, 14 
Billbergia, 436* 
Bipinnate leaf, 72*, 73 
Bird’s-nest fungi, 361*, 363 
Bisexual flowers, 206 
Bixa orellana, capsule of, 275* 
Bladders, animal-catching, of Utricu- 
laria, 85*, 86-87 
Blade, leaf, 26-27, 73; of banana, 
72% } 
Bleeding, 183-184 
Blueberry, twigs of, 161* 
Blue-green alge. See Cyanophyceae 
Botany, applied, 1; definition of, 1; 
systematic, 1; value of, 1-2 
Bougainvillea spectabilis, branches of, 
166* ; flowers of, 88* 
(Bidens), achenes of, 
wa .- 
6 ot 
