474 
I-beam, 136, 137* 
Igneous rocks, 264-265 
Illicitum verum, capsule of, 275* 
Illumination, 109-114 
Impatiens balsamina, fruit of, 287* 
Inbreeding, 254-256 » 
Indéhiscent fruits, 277 
India rubber tree (Ficus elastica), 89, 
200* ; stipules of, 91* 
Indian corn (Zea mays), section of leaf 
‘of, 388*; seed and germination of, 
298% 
Indian pipe (Monotropa), 14* 
Inferior ovary, 274, 276 
Inheritance, of color, 232-235 ; of two 
pairs of characters, 238- 246 
Insect-pollinated flowers, 95 
Insect-pollination, 218- 219 
Insects, attraction of, 78, 87-88 
Integument, 222: 280%, 281 : of angio- 
sperms, 430 : of Spermatophyta, 404. 
See: Meeasporangium 
Intercalary growth, 97-98 
Internal elands, 128 
Internodes, 96 
Intramolecular respiration, 53 
Tnulin, 290 
Invertase, 295 
Iodine in ‘starch test, 46, 126 
Iron, 175 
Tronweed (Vernonia), fruits of, 284* 
Irregular flower, 205 
Irrigation, 65, 160 
Irritability of protoplasm, 22 
Isogametes, 321 
Ithyphallus (stinkhorn fungus), 361* 
Ixora finlaysoniana, cork in, 155*; 
sections of leaves of, 33*, 36% 
Jungermanniales, 376*, 377, 379 
Jussiaea repens, 463* 
Jute, 146 
Karyolymph, 224 
Lachnea, 350*, 352 
Lactic acid, 307 
Lamella, middle, 25 
Laportea meyeniana (nettle), hair of, 
75% 
Latex tubes, 126*, 128 
Leaf gap, 386, 387* 
Leaf scars, 98 7 
Leaf traces, 387* 
Leaves, alternate, 102 ; of Coniferales, 
420; of Cycadales, 407-408 ; diver- 
A TEXTBOOK OF GENERAL BOTANY 
gence of alternate, 103-106; and 
external factors, 107-114; fall of, 
66-67, 155; function and structure 
of, 26-89, 186; hydration of, 39-42; 
photosynthesisin, 42-49 ; phyllotaxy 
of alternate, 101-103; respiration 
in, 49-54; retention of, 100-101, 
134; shapes of, 71-73; specialized, 
77-94 ; transpiration in, 54-71 ; tri- 
chomes of, 74-77; vitamins in, 293 
Legumes, 206*, 217*, 277-278, 307-308 
Lemons, 77 
Lenticels, of mango, 154*; of mulberry, 
98*, 154* ; of stem, 101, 155 
Leucaena glauca, flower head of, 217* 
Lichens, 804, 362*, 363*, 364*, 365%, 
366 
Light, effect of, on growth, 162*, 163- 
164; liberated by oxidation, 48-49 ; 
in photosynthesis, 42, 48; in tran- 
spiration, 59-60 
Lignin in cell walls, 16 
Lilies, 80, 89, 115 
Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), germi- 
nation of, 297*; seed of, 281* 
Lime (Citrus lima), conducting system 
of, 37* ; fruit of, 275* 
Linden, fruit of, 284%: stem of, 145*, 
146* 
Linen, 146 
Linin, 224 
Linkage, 241 
Linneus, 213 
Linolein, 291 
Lipase, 295 
Liriodendron tulipifera (tulip tree), 
sections of stem of, 147* 
Liverworts, 376*, 449, 450; and cycads, 
411, 415; and ferns, 397, 398. See 
Hepaticae 
Loam, 186, 187 
Lobaria pulmonaria, 363* 
Lobed leaf of Carica papaya, 73* 
Loranthus philippensis, branches of, 13* 
Lotus (Nelumbium nelumbo), 286, 459% 
Lumbang, cells of nut of, 293* 
Lycoperdon cyathiforme (puftball), 360* 
Lycopodiales, 399 ; Lycopodium, 397%, 
399 
Lycopodineae, 399-402 ; Lycopodiales, 
399 ; Selaginellales, 400-402 
Lycopodium, 397*, 399 
Lycopodium cernuum, 396*, 398* 
Lycopodium clavatum, 396* 
Lycopodium phlegmaria, 396* 
Lycopodium reflecum, 395* 
op > ae 
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