Varieties Selected By Eastern States 
Lenroc variety was introduced by Cornell University in 1935, 
following 11 years of testing for yield, stiffness of straw and other 
desirable qualities during which time it outyielded all other varieties 
tested with an average yield of 62.1 bushels per acre. It has spread- 
ing (tree-type) panicles, moderately tall straw and is midseason in 
maturity ripening about four days earlier than Victory or other 
Swedish type oats. The kernels are large, plump and white with 
moderately heavy hulls, but with a high percentage of meat and 
attractive in appearance. 
Upright, a vigorous-growing tree-type variety, as tall as Lenroc, 
is especially noted for its strength of straw and resistance to lodging. 
It is adapted to rich soils, lowlands or fields of high moisture con- 
tent. The straw is coarser, several days toa week later in maturity; 
the grain is large, bright and attractive, but higher in fiber content 
and lower in feeding value and productiveness than Lenroc. It 
should only be grown on the most fertile soils where lodging is likely 
to occur, and especially in Vermont where it has been found superior 
to other varieties. 
Gopher is an early, short, stiff strawed variety of excellent yield- 
ing ability, particularly in fertile fields of the southern areas where a 
midseason te late maturing oat is unadapted because of hot weather 
prior to harvest, or in the extreme northern areas where early ma- 
turity is an advantage by permitting ample time to harvest before 
potato digging starts. It seldom lodges even on rich potato soils. 
The grain is plump, bright, attractive and of good weight per bushel. 
(This varies with the season and growing conditions.) 
Richland is an early maturing variety, very resistant to most of 
the important races of stem rust of oats. Its short stiff straw makes 
it resistant to lodging on low fertile soils for which it is especially 
adapted. If planted on poor land, the growth of straw may be so 
short as to make harvesting difficult; hence, it is known as ‘‘Rich- 
land”’ oats. 
The slender yellow grain is of good size and of moderate fiber con- 
tent. Tests at the Pennsylvania State College over a five-year 
period indicate that on fertile soil Richland is nearly equal to Lenroc 
in grain production and a week or 10 days earlier in maturity. 
Richland is recommended primarily as a special purpose variety 
where one or several of the following situations occur: 
1 — In areas where stem rust is generally serious and occasionally 
becomes epidemic, soils should be fertile and retentive of 
moisture to encourage satisfactory length of straw. 
2 — On soils so rich in plant nutrients and moisture that lodging 
causes heavy losses. 
