78 Cyperaceae 
EE. Mature akene pale-brown; upper leaf-sheath nearly truncate at tip; tuber- 
cle of akene higher than wide. W. E. 
E. ovata R. & 8. 
DD. Perennial, not tufted, with rootstocks; mature akene brown. W. E. 
E. palustris R. & S. 
CC. Tubercle of the akene not constricted at base; annual. 
F.  Perianth-bristles not longer than the akene; heads oblong. W.C. E. (E. 
obtusa gigantea.) E. obtusa Schu. 
FF. Perianth-bristles longer than the akene; heads ovoid. C. E. (E. monti- 
cola laeviseta.) E. monticola Fer. 
STENOPHYLLUS 
Annual; stem slender, erect. Leaves narrowly linear or filiform; leaf-sheath ciliate 
or pubescent( ours). Flowers perfect. Spikelets either solitary, or in umbels or heads, 
the whole subtended by a I- to several-leaved involucre; scales spirally imbricated all 
around, mostly deciduous. Perianth none. Stamens 2—3 (2 in ours). Style 2—3- 
cleft (2 in ours), glabrous, much swollen at base and persistent on the akene as a tu- 
bercle. Akene lens-shaped or 3-angled (ours). In sandy fields. (Gk. stenos=nar- 
row, phyllon=leaf; on account of the very narrow leaves.) U. 
S. capillaris Brit. (Hair Sedge) 
RHYNCHOSPORA BEAK-RUSH 
Leafy, mostly perennial by rootstocks; stems erect, terete or 3-angled. Leaves 
narrow, flat or rolled up. Spikelets ovoid or oblong or fusiform, variously clustered; 
scales thin, |-veined, imbricated all around, usually mucronate by the excurrent mid-vein, 
the lower one empty. Upper flowers imperfect. Perianth of bristles, 1—-20, mostly 6, 
upwardly or downwardly (ours) barbed or scabrous, wanting in some (not ours). 
Stamens commonly 3. Style 2-cleft or 2-toothed or rarely entire. Akene lens-shaped 
or swollen, not 3-angled, smooth or transversely wrinkled, capped by the persistent tu- 
bercle-like base of the style, or in some species by the whole style (not ours). In bogs. 
(Gk. rynchos—a snout, spora—a seed; referring to the long-beaked akene.) W. 
R. alba Vahl (White Beak-rush) 
CAREX SEDGE 
Perennial, grass-like; stem mostly 3-angled. Leaves 3-ranked, grass-like. Flowers 
in spikes, in the axils of scales, without perianth altho the akene is in a sac (perigynium) 
of united scales which might easily be mistaken for a perianth; spikes in the axils of 
leaf-like or scale-like bracts, often again clustered; staminate and pistillate flowers on 
different plants, or on the same plant but in different spikes, or in the same spike. Sta- 
mens 3. Pistil 1, enclosed by the perigynium; styles 2—3, exserted. Fruit an akene, 
3-angled or lens-shaped. (Gk. keiren=to cut; referring to the sharp leaf-edge.) The 
keys apply to the mature fruiting condition. 
A. Stigmas 3; akenes 3-angled; some of the spikes entirely pistillate. 
EUCAREX (p. 79) 
AA.  Stigmas 2; akenes lens-shaped. 
B. Some of the spikes entirely pistillate; spikes not all sessile. EXUCAREX (p. 79) 
BB. Spikes with staminate flowers above or below or among the pistillate flowers, 
usually all sessile. VIGNEA (p. 85) 
ye? ae 
