Cyperaceae 81 
J. Bases of the old leaves persisting as stiff tufted shreds; scales equaling or ex- 
ceeding the perigynia, acute or acuminate. 
K. _ Perigynium-beak nearly as long as the body. C. E. (C. globosa; C. de- 
flexa farwellii; C. deflexa media.) 
C. umbellata Schk. 
KK. _ Perigynium-beak about 1/3 as long as the body. W.C. E. (C. um 
bellata brachyrina.) ©. umbellata brevirostris Boott 
inp Bases of old leaves soft, slightly if at all shredded; scales shorter than the 
perigynia. 
L. Spikes in a head-like cluster; staminate spike minute, invisible in the head; 
pistillate scales obtuse or acute. C. E. 
C. deflexa Hornm. 
LL. Spikes more scattered; staminate spike 6—12 mm. long, prominent; pis- 
tillate scales acuminate. W.C. E. (C. rossii.) 
C. deflexa rossii Bail. 
GROUP 3 
A.  Pistillate scale. with an awn 2—3 times as long as the body; perigynia thin, mem- 
branous or papery. é 
B. Perigynia ascending; staminate spike slender-stalked. E. 
C. hystricina Willd. 
BB. Perigynia reflexed; staminate spike short-stalked. W. E. 
C. comosa Boott 
AA. Pistillate scale with an awn shorter than the body; perigynia firm, hard or 
leathery (except C. ultriculata). 
C. Lower pistillate spikes with peduncles 5—15 cm. long. C. 
C. luzulaefolia Boott 
CC. Pistillate spikes all sessile, or the peduncles | cm. or less long. 
D. Leaves bright-green, not glaucous; teeth of perigynium-beak conspicuous, 
slender, spreading. E. C. aristata R. Br. 
DD. Leaves pale-green, glaucous; teeth of perigynium-beak inconspicuous, short, 
erect. 
E. Perigynia thin, membranous or papery, indistinctly veined. W. C. E. 
C. utriculata Boott 
EE.  Perigynia firm, hard or leathery, very distinctly veined. E. 
C, riparia Curt. 
GROUP 4 
A.  Pistillate spikes 3—12 mm. long. 
B. Pistillate spikes sessile or nearly so. 
C.  Perigynium-beak distinctly shorter than the body. 
D. Leaves 1—3 mm. wide. C. (C. viridula.) 
C. oederi pumila Fer. 
DD. Leaves 6—12 mm. wide. E. 
C. owyheensis Nels. 
CC. Perigynium-beak about as long as the body. W. E. 
C. flava rectirestra Gaud. 
BB.  Pistillate spikes long-peduncled. 
E. Leaves smooth; spikes erect; perigynia scarcely rostrate, exceeded by the scales. 
W.C. C. spectabilis Dew. 
EE. Leaves roughish; spikes drooping; perigynia plainly rostrate, exceeding the 
scales. E. C. capillaris L. 
