34 Juncaginaceae 
inate flowers double, the inner hyaline, the outer 4-horned or entire. Stamen |.  Pis- 
tillate flowers merely of | pistil. Style short or none; stigmas 2—4, sometimes also 
|—3 stigma-like processes present. Fruit a sessile drupelet. Seed 1. (Gk. naias=a 
water-nymph; referring to the habitat.) 
A. Marginal teeth of leaves prominent; anthers |-celled; seeds apparently smooth and 
shining, but under strong lens reticulate with minute 6-sided areas. W. 
N. flexilis R. & S. (Slender Water-nymph) 
AA. Marginal teeth of leaves inconspicuous or none; anthers 4-celled; seeds reticulate 
with 4-sided areas. W. E. N. guadalupensis Mor. (Thread-like Water-nymph) 
LILAEA 
Acaulescent, annual, in shallow marshes of fresh or salty water. Leaves all basal, 
1—4.5 mm. in diameter (ours); terete above the stipular sheath. Flowers perfect or 
unisexual, either basal or in scapose spicate inflorescences which are naked or bracted. 
Perianth none. Basal flowers enclosed by the sheathing leaf-bases, exclusively pistillate ; 
carpel |, 1-seeded; style long, slender; stigma capitate. Scapose inflorescence of staminate 
and pistillate and perfect flowers irregularly disposed in a spike. Stamen !. Stigmas 
papillose. Fruit ribbed or winged. Perfect flowers with stamens and pistils like those 
in unisexual flowers, but united at base. W. 
L. subulata H. & B. 
JUNCAGINACEAE (Scheuchzeriaceae) Arrow-grass Family 
Perennial marsh herbs. Leaves rush-like; blades terete or half-terete at least near 
their base. Flowers perfect, in spikes or racemes. Perianth 3—6-parted, in 2 very sim- 
ilar series. Stamens 3—6, on the base of the perianth (ours). Carpels 3—6, |—2- 
ovuled, more or less united until maturity. Fruit a capsule or follicle. Stigmas sessile or 
nearly so. Seeds |—2 in each carpel. 
A. Leaves all basal; flowers numerous, bractless, in a spike or spike-like raceme; anthers 
oval; stigmas plumose. TRIGLOCHIN (p. 34) 
AA. Stem leafy; flowers few, bracted, in loose racemes; anthers linear; stigmas papil- 
lose or slightly fimbriate. SCHEUCHZERIA (p. 34) 
TRIGLOCHIN: ARROW-GxASS 
Leaves half-terete, ligulate, with membranous sheaths. Perianth-segments 3—6, 
concave, the three inner ones inserted higher up than the outer ones. Stamens 3—6. 
Ovaries 3—6, united, |-celled, sometimes abortive, |-ovuled. Fruit of 3—6 cylindric or 
oblong or obovoid carpels; carpéls distinct or united, coriaceous, costate, when ripe separat- 
ing from the base upward from a persistent central axis. In wet and often salty places. 
(Gk. treis—=3, glochis—point; referring’ to fruit of some species.) 

A. Leaves flat; pedicels 5—-7 mm. long; carpels 3; fruit linear or clavate, tapering to 
a subulate base. E. T. palustris L. (Marsh Arrow-grass) 
AA. Leaves half-cylindric; pedicels 2—4 mm. long; carpels 6; fruit oblong or ovoid, 
obtuse at base. W.C. E. T. maritima L. (Seaside Arrow-grass) 
SCHEUCHZERIA 
Rush-like with creeping rhizomes and erect stems. Leaves elongate, half rounded 
below, flat above, striate; leaf-sheath membranous, ligulate. Flowers small. Perianth 
6-parted, regularly 2-whorled, persistent. Stamens 6. Ovaries 3, rarely 4—6, distinct 
