30 T yphaceae 
Angiosperms (Ovary Plants) 
MONOCOTYLEDONS 
TYPHACEAE Cat-tail Family 
Perennial; roots fibrous; stems simple, terete. Leaves alternate, linear or strap- 
shaped, sheathing at base, flat, more or less convex on the back, parallel-veined. Flowers 
in terminal spikes, the staminate above the pistillate. Staminate flowers among hairs. 
Stamens |—7; pollen-grains often in 4’s. Perianth of several delicate silky and simple 
or clavate hairs. Ovary usually 1|-celled, somewhat stalked; ovule |; style long. 
TYPHA CAT-TAIL 
Marsh plants . (Greek name.) 
A. Spikes with staminate and pistillate portions separated; pollen of simple grains; 
fruiting pedicels rigid, 1 mm. or less long. W. E. 
T. angustifolia L. (Narrow-leaved Cat-tail) 
AA. Spikes with staminate and pistillate portions contiguous; pollen grains in 4's; 
fruiting pedicels bristle-like, 2—-3 mm. long. W. C. E. 
T. latifolia L. (Common Cat-tail) 
SPARGANIACEAE Bur-reed Family 
Roots fibrous; stems erect or immersed and floating. Leaves linear, alternate, flat 
or more or less equitant below, sheathing at base. Flowers sessile or peduncled, in heads, 
staminate heads above the pistillate. Perianth of 3—6 chaffy scales. Stamens mostly 
r 
5. Pistils 1, or 2 with united styles and ovaries. Fruit |-celled, |-seeded. 
SPARGANIUM BUR-REED 
Marsh plants. (Gk. sparganon—a band; referring to the ribbon-like leaves.) 
A. Inflorescence branched; stems erect, never floating. 
B. Lower branches with 2—6 staminate heads, main axis with 6—10; akenes almost 
as wide as long, truncate or depressed at the summit; sepals erose at tip. C. E. 
S. eurycarpum Engelm. 
BB. Lower branches with 6—10 staminate heads, main axis with 10—17; akenes 
decidedly longer than wide, rounded at the summit; sepals entire at tip. W. E. 
S. androcladum Mor., (Branched Bur-reed) 
A.\.  Infiorescence simple; stems erect or floating. 
C. Stems erect, stout; at least the middle leaves strongly triangular-keeled; mature 
pistillate heads about 25-31 mm. in diameter. W. C. E. 
S. simplex Huds. (Simple Bur-reed) 
CC. Stems erect or floating, slender; leaves not keeled or only slightly so; mature 
pistillate heads 16—20 mm. in diameter. W. 
S. multipedunculatum Rydb. 
CCC. Stems floating, slender; leaves not keeled; mature pistillate heads 1O—15 mm. 
in diameter. 
D. Anthers 3—4 times as long as thick; mature pistillate heads about 15 mm. in 
diameter; akenes fusiform; beak of akene 2 mm. long. W. 
S. augustifolium Michx. 
DD. Anthers twice as long as thick; mature pistillate heads about 10 mm. in 
diameter; akenes broadly ellipsoid or obovoid; beak of akene long. W. C. E. 
S. minimum Fries (Floating Bur-reed) 
