18 Family Key 
HH. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes; ovary |-celled; placenta 
central. 
I. Stamens alternate with the corolla-lobes; plant without potato- 
like base. GENTIANACEAE (p. 305) 
II. Stamens opposite the corolla-lobes; plant from small potato-like 
base. Trientalis in PRIMULACEAE (p. 300) 
GG. Leaves not entire. 
J. Ovary and capsule I-celled; stamens 5; leaves deeply pinnate- 
segmented. Nemophila in HyDROPHYLLACEAE (p. 316) 
JJ. Ovary and capsule 2-celled; stamens 2—5; leaves various. 
SCROPHULARIACEAE (p. 341) 
BB. Corolla irregular. 
K. Leaves all in a basal whorl. PINGUICULACEAE (p. 361) 
KK. Leaves not all in a basal whorl. 
L. Ovary 2-celled, many-seeded. SCROPHULARIACEAE (p. 341) 
LL. Ovary 4-celled, 4-seeded. 
M. Ovary deeply 4-lobed or -parted; flowers 1—many in the leaf axils, 
or in terminal heads or spike or racemes or panicles. MENTHACEAE (p. 331) 
MM. Ovary 4-celled, terete or nearly so; flowers in terminal solitary or 
clustered spikes. VERBENACEAE (p. 331) 
AA. Ovary inferior or mainly so. 
N. Vine-like, prostrate, evergreen; peduncles 2-flowered. 
Linnaea in CAPRIFOLIACEAE (p. 364) 
NN. _ Not vine-like, not prostrate, mostly not evergreen; peduncles not 2-flowered. 
O. Stamens 3, distinct; flowers in most species not in heads; calyx 4-toothed or 
-lobed, not a pappus. VALERIANACEAE (p. 367) 
OO. Stamens 4—5, their anthers united; flowers in heads; calyx in most species a 
pappus. COMPOSITACEAE (p. 372) 
GROUP 14—Dicotyledonous herbs with alternate compound leaves 
A. Plants submerged or floating; leaves dissected into narrowly linear or filiform seg- 
ments or leaflets. 
B. Leaves often with air bladders; corolla 2-lipped; pistil 1. 
Utricularia in PINGUICULACEAE (p. 361) 
BB. Leaves without bladders; corolla of 5 similar separate petals; pistils several. 
RANUNCULACEAE (p. 162) 
AA. Plants mostly of drier habitat; leaves with wider segments or leaflets. 
C. Petals none or distinct to base. 
D. Stamens numerous, at least more than 10, and more than double the number 
of petals. 
E. Pistils more than 1, distinct. ROSACEAE (p. 206) 
EE: Pisti only A: 
F. Plant glandular-pubescent; leaves 3-foliolate; sepals 4, distinct; flowers 
less than 15 mm. wide. Jacksonia in CAPPARIDACEAE (p. 192) 
FF. Plant glabrous; leaves finely dissected, segments or leaflets many; sepals 
2, united; flowers over 25 mm. wide. 
Eschscholtzia in PAPAVERACEAE (p. 173), 
DD. Stamens 10 or fewer, or if more not exceeding twice the number of petals 
or of sepals if there are no petals. 
G. Ovary superior or mainly so. 
H. Flowers regular or nearly so. 
I. Pistils more than 1, distinct; stamens on the calyx. ROSACEAE (p. 206) 
