14 Family Key 
OO. Stamens 4—10; pistil only 1. 
Q. Flowers solitary, terminal or in the axils, red; stamens 10; leaves 
lanceolate, petiole and the veins beneath red-hairy. 
Cladothamnus in ERICACEAE (p. 294) 
QQ. Flowers in clusters, white or blue; stamens 4—5; leaves not 
as above. . RHAMNACEAE (p. 250) 
NN. — Petals more or less united into 1 piece. 
R. Ovary and fruit 2-celled; corolla rotate; fruit a red or blue berry. 
Solanum in SOLANACEAE (p. 339) 
RR. Ovary and fruit 3—5-celled; corolla campanulate to urn-shaped, 
or when rotate the fruit dry. ERICACEAE (p. 294) 
MM. Ovary inferior. 
S. Petals distinct; twigs not 4-angled nor conspicuously green; stamens 20. 
MALACEAE (p. 221) 
SS. Petals more or less united into | piece; twigs somewhat 4-angled and 
dark-green; stamens 10 or fewer. VACCINIACEAE (p. 299) 
GROUP 9—Dicotyledonous herbs with compound leaves either opposite or in whorls 
A. Piants submerged or floating; leaves dissected into capillary or very narrow seg- 
ments. 
B. Leaves 5—-12 in a whorl; leaf-segments often with some teeth and thus stag- 
horn-like. CERATOPHYLLACEAE (p. 162) 
BB. Leaves alternate or opposite or not over 4 in a whorl; leaf-segments without 
teeth, not stag-horn-like. 
C. Leaf-segments all pinnately arranged on the leaf-axis; leaves without bladders. 
Myriophyllum in HALORAGIDACEAE (p. 269) 
CC. Leaves repeatedly dichotomous; leaf-segments not pinnately arranged on the 
leaf-axis; leaves often with bladders. 
Utricularia in PINGUICULACEAE (p. 361) 
AA. Plants either not growing in water, or else their leaves divided into wider segments 
or leaflets. 
D. Petals distinct. 
E. Pistils several, in fruit each with a plumose tail 2.5——5 cm. long; leaflets not 
terete; plants often somewhat vining. Clematis in RANUNCULACEAE (p. 162) 
EE.  Pistils |—2, without plumose tail even in fruit. 
F. Leaves sessile, divided into terete fleshy segments from the base, thus ap- 
pearing to be whorled; carpels 5, united; ovary superior, |-celled; sepals 4—6 
mm. long. Spergula in CARYOPHYLLACEAE (p. 152) 
FF. Leaves evidently not whorled; leaf-segments not terete; carpels 2, loosely 
connected, each |-celled; ovary inferior; sepals less than 4 mm. long. 
UMBELLACEAE (p. 271) 
FF. Leaves pinnately compound, not whorled; leaf-segments not terete; carpels 
5, united, each |-celled; ovary superior; sepals 2—8 mm. long. 
Erodium in GERANIACEAE (p. 242) 
DD. Petals united at least at the base. 
G. Ovary superior or mainly so. 
H. Leaves whorled. Pedicularis in SCROPHULARIACEAE (p. 341) 
HH. Leaves opposite. 
I. Style 1, 3-lobed at apex; capsule 3-valved, 3-celled; placentae usually 
axial. POLEMONIACEAE (p. 311) 
II. Styles 2, often more or less united at base, sometimes united nearly to 
apex; capsule 2-valved, |-celled; placentae 2, parietal. 
Nemophila in HyDROPHYLLACEAE (p. 316) 
