Juncaceae 93 
acute or acuminate at base only. W. C. E. 
J. richardsonianus RB. & S. 
bb. Perianth-segments acuminate; filaments much shorter than the 
anthers; capsule shorter than the perianth, acuminate; seed acute 
or acuminate at both ends. U. 
J. dubius Engelm. 
aaa. Capsule abruptly acute. 
c. Perianth pale-brown; seed with 20-—26 ridges. E. 
J. columbianus Cov. 
cc. Perianth dark-brown; seed with about 15 ridges. 
d. Capsule shorter than the perianth. C. E. 
J. suksdorfii Rydb. 
dd. Capsule equaling the perianth. C. E. 
_J. badius Suks. 
ddd. Capsule longer than the perianth. C. E. 
J. nevadensis Wats. 
UU. Leaf-blade strongly flattened, equitant. 
e. Leaves 2 mm. or less wide, with ligules; stem flattened but hardly 2-edged, 
slender. W.C. E. (J. mertensianus filifolius.) 
J. mertensianus Bong. 
ee. Leaves 2—6 mm. wide, with or without ligules; stem flat, 2-edged, stout. 
f. Leaves with ligules; heads pale; capsule attenuate. W. 
J. oxymeris Engelm. 
ff. Leaves without ligules; heads brown or black; capsule acute. 
g. Heads 2—several, nearly black. W.C. E. (Partly J. xiphoides of 
How. FI.) J. ensifolius Wiks. (Sword Rush) 
gg. Heads many, brown. W.E. (Partly J. xiphoides of How. FI.) 
J. ensifolius major Hook. 
._JUNCOIDES (Luzula) WOOD-RUSH 
Perennial. Stems hollow, simple. Leaves grass-like, flat, soft, usually with some 
spider-web-like hairs. Flowers small, in loose involucrate umbels or panicles or spikes. 
Stamens 6. Capsule I-celled. Seeds 3. Plants of drier soil, not in bogs. (Juncus, 
+Gk. eidos—like.) 
A. Inflorescence an open panicle in which the flowers are in an open panicle or in 
clusters of 2—3. 
B. Panicle drooping. 
C. Perianth 1.5—-2.5 mm. long, brown or green. 
D. Leaves 4—8 mm. wide; seed with conspicuous hooked appendage at sum- 
mit. E. (J. pilosum for our region.) 
J. saltuense (Fer. ) 
DD. Leaves 10—I12 mm. wide; seed without appendage. C. E. (Partly 
J. spadeceum of How. FI.) 
J. glabratum Sheld. 
CC. Perianth 3—4.5 mm. long, brown. 
E. Perianth and capsule dark-brown; leaves thick, dull; seeds yellow, con- 
stricted at each end. C. E. 
J. piperi Cov. 
EE. Perianth and capsule pale-green; leaves thin, shining; seeds brown, ellip- 
soid. W.C. E. J. parviflorum Cov. 
BB. Panicle not drooping. C. 
J. divaricatum Cov. 
