Liliaceae 103 
with a nectar-groove toward the base. Stamens 6, hypogynous, included; anthers versa- 
tile, extrorse. Ovary sessile or nearly so; ovules many; styles long, united at least to the 
middle; stigma 3-lobed. Capsule somewhat 6-angled. Seeds numerous, flat. (L. 
fritillus—=a dice-box; the mottled petals of many species apparently suggested dice.) 
A. Flowers yellow, sometimes with a slight purplish tinge, not spotted; stigma: shortly 
3-lobed; capsule obtusely angled. E. 
F. pudica Spreng. (Yellow Rice-root) 
AA. Flowers brownish-purple, more or less spotted with green; stigmas 3, linear; cap- 
sule acutely angled (except F. camtschatcensis) . 
B. Flowers distinctly mottled; capsule acutely angled. 
C. Flowers 2.2—2.8 cm. long; leaves mostly scattered; capsule merely acute- 
angled. 
D. Plant 20—50 cm. high; leaves 6—20, linear, not glaucous; stamens about 
8 mm. long. C. E. F. atropurpurea Nutt. 
DD. Plant 5—20 cm. high; leaves 2—4, oblong-lanceolate, glaucous; sta- 
mens about 12 mm. long. — U. 
F. glauca Gr. 
CC. Flowers 1.2—2 cm. long; leaves usually 5 in a whorl near the middle of 
the stem, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate; capsule broadly winged. W.C. E. 
F. lanceolata Pursh (Whorled Rice-root) 
BB. Flowers obscurely mottled; capsule obtusely angled. W. C. 
F. camtschatcensis KG. 
AAA. Flowers yellow outside, yellow and spotted with scarlet inside; stigmas 3, lin- 
ear; capsule obscurely angled. U. 
F. recurva Benth. 
ERYTHRONIUM DOG-TOOTH VIOLET 
Low, with membrane-coated corms; stems scape-like. Leaves 2—3, basal, flat, 
smooth, tapering at base. Flowers large, solitary or in a terminal raceme. Perianth 
broadly funnelform; segments distinct, nearly equal, lanceolate, deciduous, mostly rev- 
olute from near the base, the inner usually with a callous tooth on each side of the 
base and a groove in the middle. Stamens 6, hypogynous. Ovary nearly sessile; style 
either slender and stigma 3-lobed, or else 3-cleft and the 3 stigmas becoming revolute. 
Capsule obovoid, membranous, obtusely 3-angled, 3-valved. Seeds many. | (Gk. 
erythros—red; because some European species have reddish flowers. ) 
A. Leaves mottled. 
B. Flowers somewhat purple specially on the inside, often with some white or yellow. 
C. Perianth-segments acuminate, white or pinkish-rose outside, golden-orange deep- 
ening to purple on the inside; anthers bright yellow. W. 
E. revolutum Sm. 
CC. Perianth-segments obtuse, dark purple at base, bordered with yellow above; 
anthers brownish. U. E. hendersoni Wats. 
BB. Flowers white or yellow or pink, without purple. 
D. Inner perianth-segments with neither auricles nor scales; stigmas faintly lobed; 
leaves acute. U. E. howellii Wats. 
DD. Inner perianth-segments with scales and sometimes with auricles; stigmas 
plainly lobed or segmented. 
E. Leaves acute; outer perianth-segments acuminate, 3.2—5 cm. long; stig- 
mas distinct. W. E. giganteum Lindl. 
