Fagaceae } 125 
CASTANOPSIS 
Shrubs or leaves. Leaves coriaceous, evergreen. Flowers monoicous, small. Stam- 
inate flowers in slender panicled lateral aments: pistillate flowers in clusters of 1-3 in a 
scaly involucre; cluster sessile, at base of staminate aments. Perianth of staminate flow- 
ers 5—6-lobed: stamens usually 10—12. Perianth of pistillate flowers 6-lobed, in 2 
rows: ovary 3-celled; cells 2-ovuled; styles usually 3 (so in ours). Fruit a group of 
1—3 nuts; involucre enclosing the nuts, subglobose, densely covered with stout branched 
prickles, at length bursting irregularly. C. E. 
(Be chrysophylla DC. (Chinquapin) 
PASANIA 
Trees; bark deeply furrowed, scaly. Leaves evergreen, entire to dentate; stipules 
present. Aments axillary, tomentose, scaly, erect; scales ovate, rounded. Staminate flow- 
ers 3 on each scale: perianth 5-lobed, tomentose; lobes triangular, acute: stamens 10; 
filaments elongated: ovary abortive, hairy. - Pistillate flowers only at base of upper 
staminate aments, | on each scale: perianth 6-lobed; stamens 6, with abortive anthers: 
ovary 3-celled; styles 3, elongated, spreading. Fruit a nut, ovate or oval, maturing the 
second season; surrounded at base by a cup-like involucre; shell thick, tomentose inside. 
Perhaps from L. pascere—to feed; on account ‘of the acorns.)> W. (Quercus densi- 
flora.) aN 12 P. densiflora Ocrst. Oerst. (Chestnut oh) , ‘Jef { 
ean OneRGUs 1.06 ee kasd 
} Shrubs or trees. Leaves entire to lobed or cleft, deciduous or everygreen. Staminate 
flowers in aments, | on each scale; aments slender, mostly drooping, many-flowered; bracts 


caducous: perianth mostly 6-lobed, campanulate: stamens 6—12: sometimes with evanes- 
cent pilose ovary. Pistillate flowers solitary: perianth adherent to the ovary: ovary usually 
3-celled; styles as many as the ovary-cells, short, erect, incurved. Fruit a nut (acorn), 
oblong or ovoid or subglobose, subtended and somewhat enclosed at base by the involucre 
(cup) ; shell hard. (Celtic quer=fine, cuez—a tree; because the sacred Mistletoe grew 
upon it.) 4 
A. Leaves not lobed, entire or sinuate or serrate or dentate, evergreen. 
B. Leaf-blade widest above rather than below the middle; acorns maturing the first 
season, shell glabrous inside. W. 
Q. sadleriana R. Br. 
BB. Leaf-blade widest below rather than above the middle; acorns maturing the 
second season, shell hairy inside. 
C. Shrub or small tree, 9 m. high or less; leaves 2.5—-7.5 cm. long; petioles 6—7 
mm. long; acorn-cup more or less hidden in yellow or gray-yellow tomentum. 
W.C. Q. chrysolepis Leibm. (Live Oak) 
CC. Shrubs, 2 m. high or less; leaves 1.2—3.8 cm. long; petioles 8—1I3 mm. 
‘ long; acorn-cup not with hairs about it. C. E. (Q. vaccinifolia.) 
Q. chrysolepis vaccinifolia Engelm. (Huckleberry Oak) 
AA. Leaves lobed, deciduous. 
D.  Leaf-lobes mostly sharp-pointed; acorns maturing the sceond season, shell silky 
tomentose on the inside; stamens 4—6. W.C. (Q. kelloggii.) 
Q. californica Coop. (Black Oak) 
DD.  Leaf-lobes mostly with rounded tips; acorns maturing the first season, shell 
glabrous on the inside; stamens 5—10. 


are fa 
