128 Santalaceae 
B. Inner perianth-segments rather widest below their middle, in fruit shorter than the 
akene; akene 1—1.5 mm. long. W.C.E. (U. gracilis for our region.) 
U. lyallii Wats. (Common Nettle) 
BB. Inner perianth-segments rather widest above their middle, in fruit about 3 
times as long as the akene; akene 0.5—0.7 mm. long. W. C .E. 
U. breweri Wats. 
PARIETARIA PELLITORY 
Herbs, low, diffuse or tufted, annual (ours) or perennial; hairs not stinging. 
Leaves alternate, entire, 3-veined from the base; stipules none. Flowers polygamous; 
clusters head-like, involucrate by leafy bracts. Perianth of staminate flowers 4-parted 
or of 3——4 distinct segments. Perianth of pistillate and perfect flowers tubular or cam- 
panulate, 4-lobed:. style slender; stigma brush-like. Fruit enclosed by the withering 
but persistent perianth. In dry open places. (L. paries—=a wall; because some species 
prefer to grow on old walls.) 
A. Leaves oblong-lanceolate; involucre 2—3 times as long as the flowers. E. 
P. pennsylvanica Muhl. 
AA. Leaves ovate: involucre about equaling the flowers. W. E. 
P, debilis Forst. 
SANTALACEAE ~- Sandal-wood Family 
Herbs (ours) or shrubs or trees, sometimes root-parasites. Leaves entire, alternate 
(ours) or opposite; stipules none. Flowers clustered or solitary, axillary or terminal, per- 
fect (ours) or monoicous or dioicous, mostly greenish. Perianth adnate to base of ovary 
or to disk, 3—6-lobed; lobes similar. Stamens as many as the perianth-lobes and oppo- 
site them, on the disk. Ovary I-celled; ovules 2—4; placenta central; style O—1; 
stigma capitate. Fruit a drupe (ours) or nut. Seed 1, ovoid or globose. 
COMANDRA COMANDRA 
Perennial, erect, glabrous, mostly parasitic on the roots of other plants. Leaves 
alternate, simple, oblong or oval or lanceolate or linear, pinnately veined, almost sessile. 
Flower-clusters cymose, bractless. Perianth campanulate, its limb 4—-5-lobed; tube 
lined above the ovary with an adherent disk which has a free 5-lobed border. Anthers 
attached to the calyx-lobes by a tuft of hairs each. (Gk. komn==hair, andros—=a man, 
male; referring to the hairs attached to the anthers.) 
A. Leaves pallid, acute 3-7 mm. wide; flowers many, corymbosely clustered near the 
top of the stem; style slender. 
B. Leaves oblong, pale-green beneath; fruit globose, constricted above the line at 
which the perianth joins it. W. E. 
C. umbellata Nutt. 
BB. Leaves linear or narrowly lanceolate, or those of the main stem oblong, glau- 
cous beneath; fruit ovoid-oblong, constricted at the line at which the perianth joins 
it. ..E:. CG. pallida DC. (Pale Comandra) 
AA. Leaves green, obtuse, 7—13 mm. wide; flowers few, on axillary peduncles; style 
short. E. C. livida Rich. (Green Comandra) 
LORANTHACEAE Mistletoe Family 
Herbs or shrubs, green or yellowish- or olive- or brownish-green, parasitic on woody 
plants, a few terrestrial (not ours). Leaves opposite (ours), in some merely scales. 
