220 Rosaceae 

BB. Stem trailing, 0.5—-12 dm. long; leaves 2.5—-7.5 cm. long; fruit of 1—5, 
drupelets. 
C. Vine shrubby, with small recurved prickles; leaves shining, veins ana petioles 
with recurved prickles beneath; carpels glabrous. W. C. E. 
R. nivalis Doug. 
CC. Vine herbaceous, without prickles; leaves not shining, not prickly; carpels to- 
mentose. W. C. R. lasiococcus Gray 
AA. Leaves 3—5-foliolate. 
D. Herbaceous vine, trailing, without prickles. W. C. E. (QR. arcticus for our 
region. ) R. pedatus Sm. 
DD. Shrubs, either trailing vines or more erect plant, prickly. 
lk. Flowers red; fruit yellow or garnet; spreading bush, not even the longer branches 
trailing. W.C. (CR. spectabilis menziesii.) 
R. spectabilis Pursh (Salmon-berry ) 
EE. Flowers white; fruit black; most of the species with the longest branches 
inclined to trail, or all trailing. 
F. Leaves much dissected into 7—-many small segments, evergreen; stems very 
coarse, very sharply and strongly recurved-prickly, ascending 12 dm. or less 
and then trailing. W. R. laciniatus Willd. (Evergreen Blackberry) 
FF. Leaves with 3—5 leaflets, not evergreen (except JR. ursinus west of the 
Cascades) ; stems not strikingly coarse. 
G. Trailing vine; blackberry, carpels not pulling off ae the receptacle in 
fruit. W.C. E. (CR. macropetalus.) 
R. ursinus ©. & 8S. (Trailing Blackberry) 
GG. Stems erect or ascending, the long branches often somewhat trailing; 
raspberry, carpels pulling off from the receptacle in fruit. 
H. Stems not glaucous; fruit red. E. 
R. strigosus Michx. (Wild Red Raspberry) 
HH. Stems glaucous; fruit black. 
I. Leaves glaucous beneath. W. C. E. 
R. leucodermis Dougl. (Black-cap) 
II. Leaves green beneath. E. 
R. hesperius Pip. 
ROSA ROSE 
Shrubs, prickly. Leaves odd-pinnate; stipules adnate. Flowers large, solitary or in 
corymbs. Calyx urn-shaped; the tube contracted at the mouth, at length fleshy or berry- 
like, enclosing the pistils. Pistils numerous; style terminal or nearly so, somewhat ex- 
serted. Akenes crustaceous or bony. (Latin name.) 
A.  Calyx-tube and fruit prickly. 
B. Flowers solitary at the ends of short leafy bikes fruit densely spiny. E. (R. 
nutkana macdougali. ) R. macdougali Holz. 
BB. Flowers in corymbs; fruit not spiny. U. 
R. spithamaea Wats. 
AA. Calyx-tube and fruit not prickly. 
C. _Calyx-segments deciduous when fruit is mature; leaflets doubly serrate. 
D. Sepals pinnatifid; leaflets densely resinous beneath, aromatic; spines recurved; 
prickles usually none. W. 
R. rubiginosa L. (Sweet Brier) 
DD. Sepals not pinnatifid; leaflets not resinous beneath, not aromatic; spines 
straight; prickles usually present. W.C. E. - 
R. gymnocarpa Nutt. (Naked Rose) 

