246 Callitrichaceae 
with 4—5 glands at the base, I-celled, 1-ovuled, densely pubescent (ours). Capsule 2- 
valved. Seed smooth, shining. (L. piscaria—belonging to fish; because the Indians stupi- 
hed fish by throwing the herbage into the water.) E. 
P, setigera Pip. (Turkey Mullein) 
CALLITRICHACEAE Water Star-wort Family 
Herbs, aquatic or rarely terrestrial in mud; stem slender or capillary. Leaves op- 
posite, spatulate or linear; stipules none. Flowers minute, perfect or monoicous, axillary. 
Perianth none. Bracts none, or 2 and sac-like. Stamen I.  Pistil 1; ovary 4-celled; 
ovules I in each cell; styles 2. Fruit flattish, 4-lobed, 4-seeded; lobes somewhat winged 
or keeled; carpels separating at maturity, flattish. 
CALLITRICHE WATER STAR-WORT 
Characters given under the family. (Gk. kalos—beautiful, trichos—hair; from the 
slender stems. ) 
A. Leaves all submerged, linear, I-veined. W. E. (C. bifida.) 
C. autumnalis L. 
AA. Floating leaves obovate-spatulate, 3-veined. 
B. Ovary without subtending bracts. E. (C. sepulta. ) 
C. marginata Torr. ‘ 
BB. Ovary subtended by 2 bracts. 
C. Fruit longer than the styles, obovate. W. C. E. (C. verna.) 
C. palustris L. 
CC. Fruit shorter than the styles, oval. W. E. (C. bolanderi.) 
C. heterophylla Pursh 
EMPETRACEAE Crowberry Family 
Shrubs, low. Leaves small, narrow, evergreen, nearly sessile, channeled on the lower 
side by the revolute margins; stipules none. Flowers small, dioicous or monoicous or 
polygamcus, axillary (ours) or in terminal heads. Sepals 3. Petals 2——3 ‘or nent 
Stamens 2—4. Pistil in staminate flowers rudimentary or none: pistil in pistillate flower 
1; ovary in ours 6—9-celled; cells l-ovuled; style 1, in ours 6—9-lobed. | Fruit berry- 
like. 
EMPETRUM CROWBERRY 
Depressed or spreading; branches usually densely leafy, abundant. Leaves linear- 
oblong, entire. Petals usually 3. Stamens in staminate flowers 3. Ovary gibbose; style 
shori, thick; stigma 6—9-rayed. Fruit black or red, containing 6—9-nutlets. (Gk. 
en—upon, petros==a rock; often growing in rocky places.) W. C. 
- KE. nigrum L. 
LIMNANTHACEAE False-mermaid F. amily 
Herbs, annual, glabrous, in wet places; juice acrid. Leaves alternate, pinnately- 
dissected or -compound; stipules none. Flowers solitary, axillary and terminal, bract- 
less, regular, perfect, complete. Calyx-tube saucer-shaped. Sepals 2—5, persistent. 
Petals 2—5. Stamens 4—10, somewhat perigynous, those opposite the sepals with a 
gland outside the base. Pistil of 2——5 carpels; ovaries almost distinct, 1-ovuled, oppo- 
site the sepals; styles united to near the top, basal, central between the ovaries; sitgmas 
2—5. Carpels becoming somewhat fleshy but later dry, mostly tubercled, indehiscent 
(ours). 



