





V itaceae 251 
DD. Leaves oblong to lanceolate; flowers mostly blue; twigs more or less an- 
gular. 
E. Leaves entire or serrulate only near the apex. W.E. (C. californicus. ) 
Ce integerrimus H. & A. (California Lilac) 
EE. Leaves serrulate to base or nearly so. U. 
C. thfysiflorus Hsch. (California Lilac) 
BB. Flowers in racemes; leaves 830 mm. long; branches usually rigid and spiny. 
F. Leaves ovate; inflorescence 57.5 cm. long, dense; flowers pale-blue or white; 
capsules not lobed; shrub tall, usually arborescent. C. E. 
C. divaricatus Nutt. 
FF. Leaves elliptic; inflorescence about 2-3 cm. long, loose; flowers white; cap- 
sules lobed at the top; shrubs low flat-topped. U. - 
C. cordulatus Kell. 
AA. Most of the leaves opposite, with one chief vein from the base, with numerous 
straight parallel lateral veins, spine-toothed or entire; fruit crested with 3 horn-like or 
wart-like processes below the summit. 
G. Flowers white ; plant erect or depressed but not prostrate; leaves entire. W. (CG; 
pumilus. ) C. cuneatus Nutt. (Chaparral) 
GG. Flowers blue or purple; plants prostrate; leaves with several teeth near the 
apex: ©l..C. E. C. prostratus Benth. (Mahala Mats) 
VITACEAE Grape Family 
Shrubs, viney, climbing by tendrils. Leaves simple (ours) or compound, the upper 
opposite the flower-clusters or the tendrils. Flowers in racemes or thyrsoid panicles, small. 
Calyx minute, 4—5-toothed or nearly entire. Petals 4—5, inflexed. Disk in the calyx, 
bearing the stamens and petals. Stamens as many as petals, opposite them. Ovary 2- 
celled; cells 2-ovuled; style short or none; stigma simple. Fruit a berry, globose, mostly 
pulpy, often I-celled by abortion. Seed hard. 
VITUS GRAPE 
Juice acid. Leaves opposite (ours) palmately veined and often palmately lobed. 
Disk filling the calyx-tube. Petals thick, greenish. (L. vitis—a vine, and hence the name 
of the chief vine, the grape.) U. 
V. californica Benth. (Wild Grape) 
MALVACEAE Mallow Family 
Herbs (ours) or shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, mostly palmately veined; stipules 
small, deciduous. Flowers regular, perfect (ours) or rarely polygamous or dioicous, 
often. large. Sepals 5 (ours) or rarely 3—4, somewhat united, often with bracts just 
beneath. Petals 5, hypogynous. Stamens many, monadelphous, forming a central col- 
umn around the style, united with the bases of the petals. Ovary several-celled, entire 
or lobed; styles united below, distinct above, usually as many as ovary-cells. Fruit a 
capsule (ours) or rarely a berry; carpels falling away entire or else opening loculicidally. 
A. At least the upper leaves lobed, usually all lobed; palmately veined. 
B.  Style-branches filiform, not head-like at tip; carpels |-ovuled, 1-seeded. 
C. Stamens in | series, united; involucre-bracts below the calyx 3; carpels 
20. MALVA (p. 252) 
CC. Stamens in 2 series, united in the outer, distinct in the inner; involucre-bracts 
below the calyx none; carpels 59. SIDALCEA (p. 252) 

