252 Malvaceae 
BB.  Style-branches tipped with a head-like stigma. : 
D. Carpels |-ovuled, |seeded; upper leaves palmately parted; fruit flat, cheese- 
shaped. MALVASTRUM (p. 253) 
DD. Carpels |—3-ovuled, |—3-seeded; none of the leaves more deeply lobed 
than half way to the base; fruit conical. SPHAERALCEA (p. 253) 
AA. Leaves not lobed; palmately or pinnately veined. 
E. Leaves 5 cm. or less wide; carpels 6—10, 1—2-seeded; plants often not densely 
velvety-pubescent. 
F. Petals red or rose-colored; carpels 1—-2-seeded, extended upward as an 
empty portion. SPHAERALCEA (p. 253) 
FF. Petals white or yellow; carpels |-seeded, filled by the seed. SIDA (p. 253) 
EE. Leaves 10—20 cm. wide; carpels 12—15, 3-seeded; plants densely and finely 
velvety-pubescent. ABUTILON (p. 254) 
MALVA MALLOW 
Annual or biennial or perennial, glabrous or hairy. Leaves lobed or dissected, pal- 
mately veined. Flowers solitary in the leaf-axils, or rarely in terminal racemes. Involucre 
none or present, usually of 3 bractlets. Petals obcordate. Stamen-column usually divided 
above into numerous filaments. Carpels numerous, |-ovuled. Fruit depressed, somewhat 
cheese-form; carpels in a ring around a broad central axis, free, separating, indehiscent, 
beakless; axis not projecting beyond the carpels. (Gk. malache—soft; because the 
crushed herbage is mucilaginous. ) 
A. Stem-leaves dissected into linear lobes; carpels very hairy; plant erect; flowers 2.55 
cm. wide. W. M. moschata -. (Musk Mallow) 
AA. Stem-leaves merely crenate or with rounded shallow lobes; carpels glabrous or 
- puberulent; plants erect to procumbent; flowers 0.8—1.4 cm. wide. 
B. Stems procumbent; leaves rounded; carpels puberulent, not reticulate on the 
back, “WE: M. rotundifolia L. (Fairy Cheeses) 
BB. Stems erect or ascending; leaves somewhat angular-lobed: carpels glabrous, 
reticulate on the back. W. (M. borealis for our region.) 
M. parviflora L. 
SIDALCEA 
Annual or perennial (ours). Leaves more or less deeply lobed, palmately veined. 
Flowers purple or white, in terminal racemes or spikes. Involucre none. Stamen-column 
double; filaments of outer series united into 5 sets, opposite the 5 petals; filaments of the 
inner series distinct. Style filiform. Carpels 5—9, 1-seeded, separating at maturity 
from the short axis, sometimes beaked, indehiscent. (Sida—another genus of this family, 
+Gk. alkea—=a mallow.) 
A. Petals 8—13 mm. long; calyx 4—8 mm. long. 
B. Flowers in racemes, either simple or paniculate. 
C. Calyx-lobes attenuate-acuminate from a wide base. W. (S. virgata.) 
S. glaucescens Gr. 
CC. Calyx-lobes broadly-deltoid. W. E. 
S. oregana Gray 
BB. Flowers in long dense spikes. U. 
S. spicata Gr. 
AA. Petals 15—-30 mm. long; calyx 8—15 mm. long. 
.D. Petals rose-colored; calyx 6—10 mm. long; mature carpels more or less reticulate 
on the back. 

