270 Araliaceae 
HIPPURIS MARE’S TAIL 
Stem simple, erect; in ours jointed, 5—60 cm. high. Leaves whorled, entire, simple; 
in ours sessile, linear to obovate or ovate, |—7 cm. long, 4—12 in a whorl. Flowers 
small, axillary, perfect or sometimes neutral or pistillate. Calyx-limb minute, entire. 
Petals none. Stamen |, on the calyx. Style filiform, lying in a groove of the anther. 
Fruit a drupe, small, |-celled, 1-seeded. (Gk. hippos==a horse, oura—a tail; from the 
resemblance of the leafy stem.) W.C.E. (H. tetraphylla; H. montana; H. vulgaris 
fluviatilis. ) H. vulgaris L. 
ARALIACEAE Ginseng Family 
Herbs or shrubs or trees (not ours), perennial (ours). Leaves alternate or whorled 
or opposite (not ours). Flowers perfect or polygamous, in umbels or heads (not ours) 
or racemes or panicles. Calyx-limb truncate or toothed or none. Petals usually 5, 
sometimes cohering, on margin of calyx. (Stamens as many as the petals and alternate 
with them, rarely more, on the epigynous disk; anthers introrse. Ovary inferior or rarely 
superior, |- to several-celled; styles as many as the cells of the ovary; ovule | in each 
cell. Fruit a berry or drupe. Seed flattish or somewhat 3-angled. 
A. Shrubs, erect or decumbent or vining; leaves simple. 
B. Erect or decumbent, not vining, very prickly; twigs 1—2.5 cm. thick; leaves de- 
ciduous, prickly, 15—-50 cm. long. FaTSIA (p. 270) 
BB. Vining, climbing by roots from the vines; not prickly; twigs smaller; leaves — 
evergreen, smooth, 3—15 cm. long. HEDERA (p. 270) 
AA. Herbs, erect or stemless; leaves compound. 
C. Leaves many and not whorled or else only 1, pinnate or ternate, usually 2-com- 
pound; leaflets usually more than 5; fruit not red. ARALIA (p. 271) 
CC. Leaves 3 in a whorl, palmate, 1-compound; leaflets usually 5; fruit red. 
PANAX (p. 271) 
FATSIA (Echinopanax) DEVIL’S CLUB 
Shrubs, smooth or densely prickly (ours), very little branched, ours 1—9 m. high. 
Twigs in ours 15—-25 mm. thick. Leaves large, palmately lobed, palmately veined; 
leaves in ours alternate, simple, roundish-cordate, deciduous, prickly, 15—50 cm. long. 
Flowers perfect or polygamous, greenish-white, in umbels; umbels dense, paniculate, ter- 
minal, numerous. Calyx-limb narrow or none. Petals 5. Styles 2—3. Fruit drupe- 
like, flattened, red in ours. (The Japanese common name for one of the species.)  W. 
GaEs F. horrida B. & H. 
HEDERA ENGLISH IVY 
Shrubs, vining, cilmbing walls and trees by means of roots from the stem. Leaves 
simple, alternate, coriaceous, evergreen, glossy, those of the sterile shoots kidney- or heart- 
shaped, 3—7-lobed or -angled, those of the flowering shoots lanceolate to oval and un- 
lobed. Flowers yellowish-green. Calyx with 5 small teeth. Petals 5. Ovary superior 
to inferior; styles 5. Fruit berry-like, 5-seeded, sometimes 3—4-seeded, black (ours) 
or yellowish, cultivated; occasionally persisting about former dwelling places. (Celtic 
hedra—a cord; from the vining stems.) W. 
H. helix L. 
—— 
