



Umbellaceae 289 
ERYFTERA 
Herbs. Perennial, glabrous; acaulescent (ours). Leaves in ours 2-ternate or 
-quinate ; leaflets sharply toothed, often 3-lobed (ours), cuneate-orbicular to round-cordate 
(ours). Flowers yellow; peduncles 34.5 cm. high (ours); involucel-bracts lanceo- 
late (ours). Calyx-lobes minute or none. Fruit strongly flattened dorsally, orbicular to 
short-oblong; dorsal and intermediate ribs filiform, approximate; lateral ribs with wings 
often wider than the seed-body, cohering with the other carpel; stylopodium none; oil- 
tubes | to several in each interval (3—4 in ours). | (Gk. eryon—extended, pteron—a 
wing; referring to the fruit-wing.) U. (Peucedanum howellit.) 
E. howellii C. & R. 
CYNOMARATHRUM 
Perennial, glabrous (ours); acaulescent or nearly so, densely clothed with old 
leaf-sheaths. Leaves narrow, first division pinnate, or ternately decompound (ours) ; 
ultimate segments lanceolate (ours). Flowers yellow (ours) or white. Calyx-teeth 
evident. Fruit strongly flattened dorsally, oblong; dorsal and intermediate ribs sharp 
or winged; lateral ribs wider, winged; stylopodium flat but evident; oil-tubes in ours 24 
in each interval, 2—6 on the commissure side. (Gk. kyon—dog, marathron—fennel. 
Why?) C.E. (Peucedanum brandegei.) 
C. brandegei C. & R. 
PASTINACA PARSNIP 
Mostly biennial, tall, erect, branching; roots thick. Leaves pinnate. Flowers 
yellow; involucre usually none; umbels compound; rays 7—15 (ours), involucels usually 
none. Calyx-lobes none. Fruit oval, glabrous, much flattened dorsally; dorsal and 
intermediate ribs filiform; lateral ribs winged, applied to those of the other carpel and 
forming a wide wing to the fruit; stylopodium depressed; oil-tubes | in each interval, 2—4 
on the commissure side. (L. pastus=food.) W. E. 
P. sativa L. (Cultivated Parsnip) 
HERACLEUM COW PARSNIP 
Perennial, tall, stout, |—2.5 m. high (ours), pubescent or woolly (ours). Leaves 
large, ternately-compound; in ours the leaflets !0-——25 cm. wide, round-cordate. Flow- 
ers white; involucre deciduous; umbel large, many-rayed; rays 5-15 cm. long (ours) ; 
involucel-bracts many. Calyx-lobes small or none. Fruit broadly obovate, 8—12 mm. 
fong, dorsally much flattened, somewhat pubescent; dorsal and intermediate ribs filiform; 
lateral wings applied to the other carpel, strongly veined toward the margin; stylopo- 
dium thick, conical; oil-tubes | in each interval, conspicuous, about half as long as the 
carpel, 2—4 on the commissure side. (Honor of Hercules; probably because it is so 
large and rugged.) W.C. E. H, lanatum Michx. 
DAUCUS CARROT 
Annual or biennial. Leaves pinnately decompound, finely divided. Flowers white 
(ours) or reddish; umbels compound; involucre-bracts foliaceous, cleft; involucel-bracts 
many, entire or toothed. Calyx-teeth obsolete. Stylopodium depressed or none. Fruit 
oblong, somewhat flattened dorsally; primary ribs 5, slender, bristly; secondary ribs 4, 
