318 Hydrophyllaceae 
C. Leaves all opposite except the uppermost; branches all opposite; inflorescence 
hardly scorpoid. U.C.  P. pringlei Gray 
CC. Leaves all alternate except sometimes a few at the base; branches alternate; 
inflorescence scorpoid. 
D. Plant 6—18 dm. high; flowers greenish-yellow. W. C. 
. P. nemoralis Gr. 
DD. Plant 1.5—6 dm. high; flowers various. 
E. Calyx-segments oblanceolate, hispid with spreading hairs; leaves some- 
what villous-pubescent. E. 
P. mutabilis Gr. 
EE. Calyx-segments linear to oblong, hispid or not; leaves often pubescent 
but not villous. 
F. Corolla deep indigo-blue; leaf-blade widest above its middle. E. 
P. humilis T. & G. 
FF. Corolla white or yellowish or light-blue; leaf-blade widest at or be- 
low its middle. 
G. Less than half the leaves simple; plant annual or biennial; corolla 
white or yellowish. U. 
P. virgata Gr. 
GG. All the leaves simple or only a few of the lower pinnate; plant 
perennial; corolla white or bluish. 
H. Filaments somewhat bearded; stems mostly single, erect; plant 
finely canescent and also hispid. E. (P. burkei.) 
P. leucophylla Torr. 
HH. Filaments glabrous; stems clustered, somewhat leaning; plant 
densely silky-pubescent, not hispid. E. 
P. heterophylla Pursh 
BB. Ovules and seeds 8—12 or more. 
I. Plant soft-hairy; leaf-blades widest above their middle; corolla little exceeding 
the calyx. U. P. verna How. 
I]. Plant stiff-hairy; leaf-blades of simple leaves widest at or below their middle; 
corolla about twice as long as the calyx. 
J. Annual; appendages inside the corolla long and narrow; ovules |2—16; 
seeds 16 or fewer. W. C. E. (P. menziesii.) 
P. linearis Holz. 
JJ. Perennial; appendages inside the corolla semi-obovate: ovules 40—50; 
seeds more than 16. 
P. bolanderi Gray 
AA. Leaves crenate to segmented or compound, the lobes somewhat equal and often not 
entire. 
K. Ovules only 4; seeds 4 or fewer. 
L. Leaves all simple, often lobed or crenate, truncate or cordate at base, oval to 
rounded, all the basal ones somewhat palmately veined. 
M. Leaves round-cordate, all palmately veined at their bases; corolla 6—8 
mm. long; stamens exserted. U. 
P. malvaefolia Cham. 
MM. Leaves oval to ovate-oblong, only the lower ones palmately veined at 
their bases, truncate to subcordate at base; corolla 4 mm. long; stamens in- 
cluded. U: C. P, rattani Gray 
LL. At least the basal leaves pinnately compound, obtuse or narrower at base, 
when simple, pinnately veined when simple. 

