. Scrophulariaceae 341 
C. Capsule 3—4-celled, 8—12 mm. long; calyx and corolla and stamens in 5’s. 
ee: N. quadrivalvis Pursh 
CC. Capsule 4—8-celled, 12—-25 mm. long; calyx and corolla and stamens in 
pes toro s:0° UE. N. quadrivalvis multivalvis Gray 
SCROPHULARIACEAE Figwort Family 
Herbs or shrubs or trees (not ours). Leaves alternate or opposite or whorled; 
stipules none. Flowers perfect, mostly complete, mostly irregular. Calyx persistent, | —5- 
toothed to -divided, sometimes split on the lower or upper side or both. Corolla sympetal- 
ous, rarely none in Synthyris; limb 2-lipped or nearly regular, variously colored. An- 
ther-bearing stamens 2—-5, 2 often shorter, on the corolla, alternate with the corolla- 
lobes; antherless stamens often present. Pistil 1, entire or 2-lobed; ovary superior, 
2-celled or rarely |-celled; ovules few to many; placenta central; style 1, slender; stigma 
entire or forked. Fruit a capsule (ours), septicidal or loculicidal or opening by pores. 
Seeds few or many. 
A. Herbs. 
B. Leaves alternate. 
C. Vines; leaves reniform-orbicular, palmately veined, lobed or coarsely dentate. 
ANTIRRHINEAE (p. 342) 
CC. Not as above in all points. 
D. Mud plants, creeping’ or floating; leaves glabrous; leaves nearly all basal, 
entire, linear to oblong. GRATIOLEAE (p. 349) 
DD. Not as above in all points. 
E. Corolla spurred or saccate at base on the lower side. 
ANTIRRHINEAE (p. 342) 
EE. Corolla neither spurred nor saccate at base on the lower side, but some- 
times saccate at base on the upper side. 
F. Calyx 5-toothed or -lobed. 
G. Corolla rotate; anther-bearing stamens 5. WERBASCEAE (p. 342) 
GG. Corolla tubular; anther-bearing stamens 4, rarely 5 in Pentstemon. 
H. Leaves entire to dentate; corolla not produced into a long pro- 
jection. 
I. Leaf-blade 0.6—10 cm. long; 5th sterile stamen represented 
by a filament on the corolla. CHELONEAE (p. 343) 
Il. Leaf-blade 8—20 cm. long; 5th sterile stamen not represented 
at all. DIGITALEAE (p. 352) 
HH. Leaves either pinnately-lobed or -parted, or else corolla pro- 
duced into long and elephant-trunk-like projection. 
RHINANTHEAE (p. 342) 
FF. Calyx 1—4-toothed or -lobed. 
J. Corolla nearly regular, rotate or shortly campanulate, never yellow. 
DIGITALEAE (p. 352) 
JJ. Corolla distinctly 2-lipped, tubular, often yellow. 
RHINANTHEAE (p. 354) 
BB. Leaves opposite or whorled. 
K. Calyx 5-toothed or -lobed. 
L. Corolla gibbous or spurred at base on lower side; seeds many. 
ANTIRRHINEAE, (p. 342) 
LL. Corolla gibbous at base on upper side; seeds few. CHELONEAE (p. 343) 
LLL. Corolla neither gibbous nor spurred at base on any side; seeds many. 
aati 
