344 Scrophulariaceae 
Flowers either in clusters, or else solitary in the leaf-axils and often peduncles bracted. 
Calyx 5-toothed or -lobed. Corolla saccate at base on upper side or without basal swell- 
ing. Anther-bearing stamens 4, 5th sterile stamen represented by a gland or a filament. 
Capsule septicidal or loculicidal. Seeds few or many. 
A. Annual; corolla saccate at base on upper side, not green nor yellow nor brown nor 
purple; 2—16 mm. long; leaves entire to divided; seeds few. 
B. Corolla deeply 2-lipped, 6—16 mm. long, blue or pink or variegated; leaves entire 
to lobed. COLLINSIA (p. 344) 
BB. Corolla obscurely 2-lipped, 2—10 mm. long, blue or white: leaves lobed to 
3—5-divided. TONELLA (p. 345) 
AA. Perennial; corolla not swollen at base, often green or yellow or brown or purple, 
often more than |6 mm. long; leaves entire to toothed; seeds many. 
C. Plant not as in CC in all points. 
D. Corolla greenish- or purplish-brown, 8—10 mm. long; 5th and antherless sta- 
men represented by a scale on the corolla; herbs. SCROPHULARIA (p. 345) 
DD. Corolla often some other color, usually longer; 5th and antherless stamen a 
tongue-like filament on the corolla. 
E. Herbs; corolla never white nor yellow; antherless stamen shorter than the 
others; seed winged. CHELONE (p. 345) 
EE. Herbs or shrubs; corolla sometimes white or yellow; antherless stamen 
about equaling the others; seed wingless. PENTSTEMON (p. 346) 
CC. Plant an herb, 2—8 cm. high, glabrous; leaves linear, entire, only 2—4 on 
the flowering stems. CHIONOPHILA (p. 349) 
COLLINSIA. BLUE-LIPS 
Herbs, annual, low. Leaves opposite or whorled. Flowers blue or pink or varie- 
gated, in the axils of the upper leaves, whorled or solitary ; pedicels bractless. Calyx cam- 
panulate, 5-cleft. Corolla-tube short, gibbous or saccate; limb deeply 2-lipped, upper 
lip 2-cleft, its lobes erect or recurved: lower lip larger, 3-lobed, its lateral lobes spreading 
or drooping, its middle lobe a keel-like sac enclosing the stamens and style. Lower 2 
stamens inserted higher up on the corolla, 5th stamen represented by a gland. Capsule 
cvate or globose, septicidal and later also loculicidal. Seeds few, peltate, concave ven- 
trally. (Honor of Z. Collins, an American botanist. ) 
A. Inflorescence glandular. 
B. Plant 510 cm: high lower! leaves orbicular to oblong; pedicels bent back in 
fruit; flowers many; calyx-lobes broadly subulate, acute; seed oblong, nearly terete, 
not winged. U. C. C, torreyi Gray 
BB. Plant 15—45 cm. high; lower leaves spatulate; pedicels erect in fruit: flowers 
1—6 in a whorl; calyx-lobes lanceolate to triangular, somewhat obtuse; seed saucer- 
shaped, winged. C. E. (C. glandulosa.) 
C, rattani Gray 
AA. Inflorescence not glandular. 
C. Calyx-lobes 2 or more times as long as the calyx-tube; pedicels erect in fruit. 
D. Glabrous thruout; flowers usually solitary in the upper axils. W. 
C. multiflora, How. 
DY). Glabrous thruout; flowers usually solitary in the upper axils. W. C. 
C. sparsiflora F. & M. 
CC. Gabe shes scarcely longer than the calyx-tube. 

