V alerianaceae é 367 
AA. Erect, the branches sometimes long and reclining on other shrubs; flowers in pairs 
on axillary peduncles; upper pairs of leaves not united. 
D. Pair of flowers or fruits subtended by narrow or minute bracts, or bractless. 
E. Leaves green on both sides; fruit red. 
F. Corolla whitish, its lobes nearly equal; leaves obtuse. W.C.E. (Xvlo- 
steum utahense; probably L. sororia.) 
L. utahensig Wats. (Red Twin-berry) 
FF. Corolla dark purple, 2-lipped; leaves acute or acuminate. C. E. 
(Xylosteum conjugialis. ) 
:; L. conjugialis Kell. 
EE. Leaves somewhat pale beneath; fruit blue-black; corolla yellowish, 2-lipped. 
C. (Xvylosteum villosum.) LL. coerulea L. (Edible Twin-berry) 
'.DD. Pair or flowers or fruits subtended by large wide leaf-like bracts; flowers yel- 
low; fruit black. W.C. E. (Xvylosteum involucratum; Xylosteum ledebouri.) 
L. involucrata Banks (Black Twin-berry) 
VALERIANACEAE Valerian Family 
Herbs, annual or perennial. Leaves opposite; stipules none. Flowers usually 
small, perfect or dioicous, in corymbose or paniculate or capitate cymes. Calyx-limb in- 
conspicuous or none in the flower, often becoming prominent in fruit. Corolla somewhat 
irregular; tube sometimes gibbous or spurred at base; limb spreading, mostly 5-lobed. 
Stamens 1|—4, on the corolla, alternate with corolla-lobes, usually exserted. Ovary in- 
ferior, 1—3-celled, 1 cell 1-ovuled, other cells empty when present; style 1. Fruit dry, 
indehiscent. Seed |. 
A. Annual; calyx-teeth not plumose; fruit 3-celled; leaves entire to dentate; flowers 
white or pink or blue. VALERIANELLA (p. 367) 
AA. Perennial; calyx-teeth plumose; fruit 1-celled; leaves entire to compound; flowers 
white or pink or yellowish. VALERIANA (p. 368) 
VALERIANELLA (Plectritis) CORN-SALAD 
Annual. Basal-leaves tufted, entire; stem-leaves sessile, often dentate. Flowers 
small, perfect. Calyx-limb short or none, not divided into filiform plumose segments. Co- 
rolla small, white or pink or blue, nearly regular; tube narrowed at base; limb 5-lobed. 
Stamens 3. Fruit 3-celled. (Diminutive of Valeriana, a related genus.) 
A. Stems not dichotomous; corolla white or pink; leaf-margin not ciliate. 
B. Corolla 6—7 mm. long, rose-color, the spur half as long as the tube or less; 
fruit strongly keeled on the back, broadly winged. W. C. E. 
V. congesta Lindl. 
BB. Corolla 1—3 mm. long. 
C. Spur of the corolla about as long as the tube; fruit obscurely keeled on the 
ae Wing of the fruit wide, as long as the fruit-body. E. 
V. macrocera Gray 
DD. Wing of the fruit narrow, shorter than the body. E. 
V. mamillata Pip. 
CC. Spur of the corolla none or about half as long as the tube; fruit strongly 
keeled on the back. 
E. Corolla spurred. 
F. Fruit wingless)s W. C. E. 
V. samolifolia Gray 
