a 
at ee 
Compositaceae 377 
SS. Pappus-bristles unequal; heads often more than 12 mm. wide. 
T. Leaves often not as in TT in all characters; involucre hemispheric or 
widely campanulate; herb or shrub, viscid or not. APLOPAPPUS (p. 379) 
TT. Leaves spatulate to filiform, 6—25 mm. long, sessile, entire; involu- 
cre narrowly campanulate to oblong; shrub, viscid. 
ERICAMERIA (p. 382) 
RR. Involucre-bracts in 3——4 vertical rows; rays 1|—4; leaves narrowly linear 
or spatulate-linear; shrub. CHRYSOTHAMNUS (p. 382) 
AAA. Rays some color other than yellow. 
U.  Pappus none or of scales or of small hair-like bristles or of stout awn-like bristles, 
in one whorl. 
V. Plant glabrous, 3—18 dm. high; heads many; rays white; pappus of several 
small scales and 2 small stiff bristles, Bo.Tonlia (p. 383) 
VV. Plant puberulent to very hairy, acaulescent to 4 dm. high; heads few in 
most species; rays various; pappus of ray flowers either none or of more than 2 
bristles. 
W. Scapes leafless and bractless; leaves obovate to spatulate, entire or obscurely 
dentate; pappus either none or a ring of minute bristles. BELLIs (p. 382) 
WW. Scapes sometimes leafy below, bracted; leaves spatulate to linear, entire; 
pappus a ring of stout rough awn-like bristles. TOWNSENDIA (p. 383) 
UU. Pappus of many capillary bristles, sometimes in 2 whorls and then the outer 
sometimes of shorter bristles or of scales. 
X. E/jither involucre-bracts or else rays not as below; akenes usually flat. 
Y.  Involucre-bracts in more than 2 indistinct whorls, rays unequal, wider than 
filiform, in | whorl; pappus in | whorl. ASTER (p. 383) 
YY. Involucre-bracts in 1—2 indistinct whorls, usually nearly equal; rays 
mostly filiform, in | or more whorls; pappus in |—2 whorls, the outer whorl 
often of scales or shorter bristles. ERIGERON (p. 388) 
<X. Involucre-bracts white, green-tipped; rays about 5, white; akenes not or 
hardly flattish. SERICOCARPUS (p. 390) 
GRINDELIA GUM-WEED 
Herbs or shrubby at base, biennial or perennial, often gummy specially on the in- 
volucre, coarse. Leaves alternate, entire or serrate; stem-leaves sessile to clasping. Heads 
radiate or rayless, medium or large, many-flowered, terminal on the branches; involucre 
hemispheric or globose, bracts imbficated in several series; receptacle flat, somewhat 
pitted. Ray-flowers none or else in | series: corolla yellow, ligulate. Disk-flowers per- 
fect; corolla tubular-funnelform, 5-lobed, yellow. Akenes obovate or oval, glabrous, 
somewhat ‘angled. Pappus of 2—8 nearly smooth and easily separating awns or bris- 
tles. (Honor of D. H. Grindel, a Russian botanist.) 
A. Stem-leaves widest at their base, acute or acuminate; heads radiate, more than 15 
mm. high. W. G. integrifolia DC. 
AA.  Stem-leaves narrowed at their base, obtuse in most. 
B. Heads more than 15 mm. high, radiate; plant glabrous or sparingly hirsute. W. 
(G. hendersoni.) G. oregana Gray 
BB. Heads 10—I15 mm. high, radiate or rayless; plant glabrous thruout or slightly 
chaffy. 
C. Heads radiate. W.C.E. (GC. brownii.) 
G. nana Nutt. ; 
CC. Heads rayless. E. G. nana columbiana Pip. 
