386 Compositaceae 
Subgenus BRACHYACTAE—Ours annual, 4 dm. or less high; stems leafy. 
Leaves in ours entire, linear, 5 cm. or less long. Heads radiate, racemose-paniculate 
(ours), conspicuous; involucre-bracts in few series, loosely imbricated, herbaceous or the 
inner scarious. Akenes somewhat flat. FE. (Brachyactis frondosa.) 
A. frondosus T. & G. 
Subgenus EUASTERAE—Annual or perennial; stems leafy. Leaves entire or 
serrate, linear to ovate or obovate. Heads radiate, in panicles or corymbs, small or 
campestris suksdorfii.) A. campestris Nutt. 
large; involucre-bracts somewhat herbaceous in most species. Akenes usually flat, glab- 
rous or pubescent. Pappus scabrous, dull white. 
A. Involucre viscid or glandular. 
B. Leaves coriaceous, oblong or wider, sharply serrate, rough to the touch. 
C. Involucre campanulate, obscurely glandular, its bracts acute. E. 
A. radulinus Gray : 
CC.  Involucre turbinate, plainly glandular, its bracts obtuse. EF. 
A. conspicuus Lindl. 
BB. Leaves membranous, oblong or narrower, often indistinctly serrate, not rough 
to the touch. 
D. Heads less than | cm. wide; rays 6—8 mm. long; leaves linear. E. (A. 
DD. Heads 1.5—3 cm. wide; rays 10—I5 mm. long; leaves mostly wider. 
E. Leaves entire or repand-denticulate; involucre-bracts closely imbricated, 
rigid.§ (Cane A. integrifolius Nutt. 
EF. Leaves sparingly but sharply serrate; involucre-bracts loose, not rigid. 
Wirt Coats (A. major.) 
A. modestus Lindl. 
AA.  Involucre not viscid nor glandular. 
F. Heads more than | cm. wide. 
G. Leaf-faces not glabrous, scabrous or puberulent or pubescent or tomentose. 
H. Rays white. E. A. commutatus Gray 
HH. Rays not white, pink to purple. > 
I. Involucre-bracts closely appressed, their larger portion coriaceous. 
J. Rough-pubescent; leaves coriaceous, sharply serrate. E. 
A. radulinus Gray 
JJ. Smooth-pubescent or puberulent; leaves herbaceous, entire at least in 
the upper half of the plant. 
K. Plant 3—6 dm. high, involucre-bracts soft-pubescent. E. 
A. jessicae Pip. 
KK. Plant 9—15 dm. high; involucre-bracts not pubescent. U. E. 
A. menziesii Lindl. 
II. Involucre-bracts loose, their larger portion herbaceous. 
L. Outer involucre bracts as large as the inner. 
M. Upper leaves deeply cordate-clasping, hardly smaller than the 
lower; akenes glabrous. E. (S. cusichii lyallii.) 
A. cusickii Gray 
MM. Upper leaves not cordate-clasping, distinctly smaller than the 
lower; akenes canescent. E. 
A. wattii Pip. 
LL. Outer involucre-bracts shorter than the Inner; stem-leaves not cor- 
date-clasping. U. A. militarius Gr. 
GG. Leaf-faces glabrous or nearly so, but the margin often hairy. 
