~~ a 
Compositaceae 417 
PP. Pubescence of woolly hairs. 
R. Basal leaves ovate or wider, the base cordate. 
She Rayseo——8) 
S. bolanderi Gray 
Som Rays: 622124 
T. Basal leaves cordate-orbicular to reniform. C. E. 
S. aureus L. (Golden Rag-wort) 
TT. Basal leaves cordate-ovate. C. E. 
S. pseudaureus Rydb. 
RR. Basal leaves narrower than ovate. 
U. Plant not floccose-woolly below; rays 10—12; involucre-bracts 
slightly purplish-tipped. W. 
S. pauciflorus fallax Greenm. 
UU. Plant floccose-woolly below; rays 12—15; involucre-bracts 
not purplish-tipped. C. 
S. adamsi How. 
CYNAREAE (TuHIsTLeE TrIBE)—Herbs. Leaves alternate. Heads rayless; 
involucre much imbricated; receptacle flat or convex, naked or bristly or chaffy. Flowers 
perfect or the other neutral. Corolla equally or unequally 5-cleft. Anthers tailed at base. 
Style unbranched or the branches appendaged. Akenes rather thick, hard.. Pappus 
none or chaff or stiff bristles or capillary bristles, simple or plumose. 
A. Involucre-bracts hooked at tip; leaves not spiny. ARCTIUM (p. 417) 
AA. — Involucre-bracts not hooked at tip. 
B. Leaves not spiny. 
C. Pappus at least partly of plumose bristles. 
D. Leaves entire or dentate; heads 1—-3 cm. wide. SAUSSUREA (p. 418) 
DD. Leaves pinnatifid; heads 5—10 cm. wide. CynaRIA (p. 419) 
CC. Pappus none or of simple bristles or scales. CENTAUREA (p. 419) 
BB. Leaves somewhat spiny and often also the involucre. 
E. Pappus distinctly plumose. 
F. Heads 1—5 cm. wide; involucre-bracts not fleshy; akenes not ribbed. 
CARDUUS (p. 418) 
FF. Heads 5—10 cm. wide; involucre-bracts fleshy; akenes slightly ribbed. 
CyNARIA (p. 419) 
EE. Pappus none to barbellate or fimbriate. 
G. Heads 6—7 cm. wide; leaves green and blotched with white. 
SityBuM (p. 419) 
GG. Heads 2—4 cm. wide; leaves not white-blotched. 
H. Heads not subtended by bristly leaves. . CENTAUREA (p. 419) 
HH. Heads subtended by bristly leaves, sessile. Cnicus (p. 420) 
ARCTIUM BURDOCK 
Biennial, tall, coarse. Leaves not prickly, petioled, blades in ours broadly ovate, 
cordate at base, 2—-5 dm. long. Heads racemose or corymbose or paniculate, involucre 
globose; its bracts appressed at base, spreading and hooked at tip, in several series; re- 
ceptacle densely bristly. Flowers perfect. Filaments glabrous, distinct. Akenes glab- 
rous, oblong, flattish, transversely wrinkled. Pappus-bristles short, many, rough, distinct, 
deciduous, in | whorl. (Gk. arktos==a bear, from the rough involucre. ) 
F ds racemose, 1.5—-3 cm. wide. W. 
. ; ae A. minus Schk. (Common Burdock) 

