420 Compositaceae 
CNICUS BLESSED THISTLE 
Annual. Leaves sinuate to pinnatifid, prickly. Heads large, sessile, solitary and 
cerminal on the branches; involucre-bracts imbricated in several series, ovate to lanceo- 
late, tipped by a pinnately branched spine; receptacle bristly. Flowers light yellow 
(ours), not greatly different, the outer ones sterile. Akene terete, striate, laterally at- 
tached, 10-toothed at tip with 10 minute teeth forming an inner ring. Pappus of awns, 
in 2 whorls, the outer naked and the larger, the inner, fimbriate. (Gk. kniso—to prick. ) 
GE C. benedictus L. 
CICHOREAE (DanDELION TRIBE)—Herbs (ours), nearly always with milky 
or acrid juice. Leaves alternate, often all basal. Heads involucrate; receptacle flat or 
nearly so. Flowers all alike, perfect. Corolla strap-shaped, white or yellow or pink or 
blue or purple, truncate but nearly always 5-toothed at apex. Anthers sagittate-auriculate 
but not caudate at base. Style branches filiform, minutely papillose, not appendaged. 
A. Flowers yellow or orange or saffron-colored. 
B. Pappus none; stem leafy, branched; flowers in panicles; akenes 20-—30-striate. 
LaPSANA (p. 421) 
BB. Pappus scale-like or of bristles which have a scale-like base; akenes not beaked. 
C. Pappus of 4—10 scales or bristles, simple or plumose when bristles. 
D. Pappus of 4—10 bristles each arising as a continuation of an unforked 
scale-like or enlarged base; heads erect. 
E. Annual; heads nodding; involucre bracts all nearly equal except for a 
few very small ones outside. MIcROSERIS (p. 422) 
EE. Perennial; heads erect; involucre scales gradually shorter in successive 
whorls. SCORZONELLA (p. 422) 
DD. Pappus of 5 bristles each arising from the fork of a 2-toothed scale-like 
base; heads nodding; annual. UrRopaPPus (p. 422) 
CC... Pappus of 115240 scales or bristles, not plumose altho in some barbellate or 
approaching plumoseness near base. 
F. Stems 5—25 cm. high, leafy; pappus bristles plumose, 15-20: leaves en- 
tire to pinnatifid; young heads nodding. PTILOCALAIS (p. 423) 
FF. Stem none; pappus bristles not pluomse, 20——50 leaves entire or wavy; 
young heads always erect. NotHocatals (p. 423) 
BBB. Pappus of bristles without a widened scale-like base. 
G. _Bristles of the pappus plumose. 
H. Bristles of the pappus plumose to near the tip; perennial. 
I. Leaves stiffy-hairy on both sides; receptacle chaffy; akene long-beaked. 
HypocuHaeris (p. 424) 
II. Leaves glabrous or thinly soft-hairy; receptacle naked; akene beakless or 
nearly so. LEONTODON (p. 424) 
HH. _ Bristles of the pappus plumose only near the base; akenes beakless; annual. 
: MALACOTHRIX (p. 425) 
GG. Bristles of the pappus not plumose. . 
J. Plants acaulescent; leaves all basal; flowers solitary on leafless bractless 
unbranched scapes. 
K. Leaves entire or merely obscurely wavy; scape only 1; heads nodding in 
bud; mature akene beakless, truncate. SCORZONELLA (p. 422) 
KK. Leaves or some of them lobed or pinnatifid; scapes | or more; head 
erect in bud; mature akene beaked or attenuate. 
L. Chief involucre bracts imbricated in one series; akenes spinulose at the 
apex, long-beaked. TARAXACUM (p. 425) 

