434 Glossary 
Glomerate—Closely aggregated into a 
dense cluster. 
Glomerule—A dense head-like cluster. 
Glume—The chaff of grasses, in this book 
the outer husks or bracts of each spike- 
let. 
Gymnosperms—The great group of seed- 
plants with ovules and seeds not inclosed 
In an ovary. 
Gynobase—An enlargement or prolonga- 
tion of the receptacle bearing the ovary. 
Gynoecium—The whole set of pistils. 
Habitat—Conditions under which a plant 
grows. 
Hastate—Like an arrowhead, but with the 
basal lobes pointing outward nearly at 
right angles. 
Hemi- —Half. 
Herb—A plant with no persistent woody 
stem above ground. 
Herbaceous— With the texture of common 
herbage; not woody nor leathery. 
Hermaphrodite (flower) —Perfect. 
Heterogamous—With 2 or more kinds of 
flowers as to their stamens and pistils. 
Hirsute—Hairy with stiffish or beard-like 
hairs. 
Hispid—Bristly; beset with stiff hairs. 
Hispidulous—Diminutive of hispid. 
Hoary—Grayish-white. 
Homogamous—A head or cluster with 
flowers all of one kind. 
Hooded—Hood-shaped—Cucullate. 
Hyaline—Transparent or nearly so. 
Hypogynous—TInserted under the pistil. 
Imbricate—Overlapping like shingles on a 
roof. 
Immersed—Wholly under water. 
Imperfect (flowers) Wanting either sta- 
mens or pistils. 
Incised—Cut rather deeply and irregular- 
ly. 
Indehiscent—Not splitting open. 
Indurated—Hardened. 
Inferior (ovary)—Calyx grown fast to 
the ovary and thus apparently on it. 
Inflated—Turgid and bladdery. 
Inflexed—Bent inward. 
Inflorescence—The arrangement of flow- 
ers on the.stem; the flower-cluster as a 
whole. 
Insertion—The place or the mode of at- 
tachment of an organ to its support. 
Internode—The part of a stem between 
two nodes. 
Interruptedly pinnate—Pinnate with small 
leaflets intermixed with larger ones. 
Introrse—Turned or facing inward or to- 
ward the axis of the flower. 
Involucel—An involucre of the second or- 
der. 
Involucrate—With an involucre. 
Involucre—A whorl or set of bracts 
around a flower or umbel or head. 
Involute—Rolled inward from the edges. 
Keel—A projecting ridge on a surface, 
like the keel of a boat; the two ante- 
rior petals in the Bean Family. 
Labiate—Bilabiate. 
Laciniate—Slashed; cut into deep narrow 
lobes. 
Lanceolate—Lance-shaped. 
Lax—The opposite of crowded. 
Leaflet—One of the divisions or blades of 
a compound leaf. 
Lemma—The lower of the two bracts in- 
closing the flower in the grasses. 
Lenticular—Lens-shaped, both sides con- 
vex. 
Ligulate—Furnished. with a ligule. 
Ligule—The strap-shaped corolla in many 
Compositaceae; the little membranous 
appendage at the summit of the leaf- 
sheaths of most grasses. 
Limb—The blade of a leaf, petal, etc. 
Linear—Narrow and flat, the margins 
parallel. 
Lip—The principal lobes of a 2-lipped co- 
rolla or calyx; the odd and peculiar 
petal in the Orchidaceae. 
Lobe—Any projection or division (espe- 
cially a rounded one) of a leaf, etc. 
Loculicidal (dehiscence) —Splitting down 
through the middle of the back of each 
cell. 
Lunate—Crescent-shaped. 
Lyrate—Lyre-shaped; an obovate or spat- 
ulate pinnatifid leaf with the end-lobe 
ales and roundish and the lower lobes 
small. 
Marcescent—Withering without falling 
off. 
