436 Glossary 
Pendulous—Somewhat hanging or droop- 
ing. 
Penta- ——5. 
Perennial—Lasting from year to year. 
Perfect (flower)—Having both stamens 
and pistils. 
Perfoliate—Applied to a leaf through 
whose base the stem appears to pass. 
Perianth—The floral envelopes of the 
flower, especially when calyx and co- 
rolla cannot be distinguished. 
Pericarp—The wall of the ripened ovary, 
which in many cases is the wall of the 
fruit. 
Perigynium—The inflated sac which in- 
closes the ovary in Carex. 
Perigynous (flower)—-Sepals and petals 
and stamens arising from the rim of a 
tube or cup surrounding the pistil or 
pistils. 
Persistent—Remaining beyond the period 
when such parts commonly fall. 
Petal—A, corolla-leaf. 
Petiole—The leaf-stalk. 
Petioled—Petiolate—With a petiole. 
Petiolulate—With a petiolule. 
Petiolule—The stalk of a leaflet. 
Pilose—Hiairy with soft slender hairs. 
Pinnate (leaf)—Leaflets along the main 
axis of the leaf. 
2-pinnate—Bipinnate. 
Pinnately veined—Secondary veins aris- 
ing from a mid-vein. 
Pinnately lobed, cleft, parted, divided, 
etc.—The varying depths of division of 
a pinnately-veined leaf. 
Pinnatifid—Pinnately cleft. 
2-pinnatifid—Bipinnatifid. 
Pistil—The seed-bearing organ of the 
flower. 
Pitted—Having small depressions or pits 
on the surface. 
Placenta—The surface of the ovary to 
which the ovules are attached. 
Plicate—Folded lengthwise into plaits. 
Plumose—Feathery; when any slender 
body is beset with hairs. 
Pluri- —-Several, or many. 
Pod—Any sort of capsule. 
Poly- —Many. 

Polygamous—Having some perfect and 
some staminate and pistillate flowers 
on the same or on different individuals. 
Polymorphous—Of several forms. 
Polypetalous—With the petals distinct. 
Polysepalous—When the sepals are dis- 
tinct. 
Pome—A fleshy apple-like fruit, e. g., 
apple, pear, haw. 
Procumbent—Trailing on the ground. 
Produced—Extended or projecting far- 
ther than usual. 
Proliferous—A new branch arising from 
an older one, or one head or cluster 
of flowers from another. 
Prostrate—Lying flat on the ground. 
Pruinose—Covered with a powder resem- 
bling hoar-frost. 
Puberulent—Covered with almost imper- 
ceptible fine and short down. 
Pubescence—Fine and soft hairs. 
Pubescent—With pubescence. 
Punctate—Dotted, either with minute 
holes or apparently so. 
Raceme—A flower-cluster with one-flow- 
ered pedicels along the axis of inflor- 
escence. 
Racemose—Bearing racemes; or raceme- 
like. 
Rachis—An axis bearing close-set organs; 
specially the axis of a spike. 
Radiate—Furnished with ray-flowers. 
Radical—Belonging to the root, or ap- 
parently coming from the root. 
Ray—The marginal flower of a head or 
cluster when different from the rest, es- 
pecially when ligulate; the branch of 
an umbel. 
Receptacle—The more or less expanded 
or produced end of an axis which bears 
the organs of a flower or the collected 
flowers of a head. 
Recurved—Curved outward or backward. 
Reflexed—Bent outward or backward. 
Regular (flower) —A\lll the parts of each 
set similar. 
Reniform—Kidney-shaped. 
Repand—W avy-margined. 
Retuse—The apex slightly indented. 
Revolute—Rolled backward, as the mar- 
gins of many leaves. 
Rhizome—Rootstock—A subterranean or 
creeping root-like stem. 
Ringent—Gaping. 
Rootstock—=Rhizome. 
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