42 CUMBERLAND VALLEY NURSERIES, INC. 
about five buds, cutting the branches just above a 
bud that points outward. Remove all the other 
branches close to the trunk, leaving no stub longer 
than one-eighth to one-quarter inch. Also shorten 
back two-thirds the central leader of the tree, if 
one exists, else the tree assumes a too upright 
growth for best results in later life. 
Cherry. Five or six good limbs, well distributed 
around the trunk, will be sufficient to form a well 
balanced top. The iimbs left after pruning should 
not be cut back so severely as recommended for 
some other classes. 
Plum. Cut back all branches to about two or 
three buds. After the tree has grown for a year, 
remove all but four or five branches, but do not 
cut them back. These buds will form the perma- 
nent framework for the top, and subsequent growth 
may be pruned to meet the requirements or taste 
of the planter. 
Peach. These should be planted immediately on 
delivery; or, if not prepared to do so, the roots 
should be buried in the ground. They will not 
stand exposure to the sun or air, and many are 
lost simply for the want of care. As soon as plant- 
ed, cut back all side branches to within two or 
three inches of the main stem. Make this the 
invariable practice, and never deviate from it if 
you wish to save your trees. The growth will be 
much more rapid and vigorous in consequence of 
this pruning, and by strictly adhering to it, and by 
immediate planting or covering the roots in the 
soil, very few, if any, trees will be lost. Peaches, 
like all other stock we deliver, will be in fine con- 
dition, having been carefully handled and kept from 
exposure by us. If you do not follow our directions 
and meet with loss, the fault will be entirely with 
you. 
Grapes. These should be planted ten to twelve 
inches deep in holes large enough to admit roots 
without curling them, pressing soil solid about roots. 
Cut vines back to within three or four buds of the 
roots. Keep the ground clean by cultivating; if 
impossible to cultivate, mulch. Prune in February 
or early March, before there are any signs of new 
growth—hence the importance of annual and in- 
telligent pruning. 
Number of Trees per Acre 
The number of trees to be planted per acre varies 
somewhat with the soil and variety to be planted. 
Trees or plants on deep rich soil require more dis-~ 
tance than on light poor soil. The following dis- 
tances are usually recommended for average soils: 
Apple—35 x 35 feet—35 trees per acre. 
Pear and Peach—20 x 20 feet—108 trees 
per acre. 
Plum, Cherry, and Apricot—18 x 18 feet— 
134 trees per acre. 
Figs—15 x 15 feet—193 trees per acre. 
Pecan—40 x 40 feet—27 trees per acre. 
Grape—8 x 10 feet—545 vines per acre. 
Blackberry and Dewberry—3 x 8 feet— 
1,815 vines per acre. 
