
considered, as a center of population), it is located at Fort Peck Dam 
within 2 miles of the main fishing waters L101] and frequent use by local 
residents had the effect of limiting the average daily expenditure for 
‘transportation and trip categories in much the same manner as at Lake 
Maloney and the West Galletin River. The Cottonwood Lake Fishery 
[147 was located about 13 miles from Redfield, S. Dak. (2,428 people), 
which exerts the principal influence on the fishery, The relatively low 
expenditure for transportation and trip categories for the Republican 
River were due to the fact that the fishermen came from nearby; in 
fact, more than 95 percent of the fishermen using this fishery lived 
within a 50-mile radius. 
Whether a fishery is accessible by a direct route rather 
than by a round-about-way also affects the mileage traveled. This is 
illustrated in part by the higher transportation expenditure determined 
for the Madison River below Madison Reservoir as compared to that 
for the river above the reservoir [21] . The lower section was much 
closer (airline distance) to the main area of influence (Butte, Mont.), 
but, because of the lack of a direct route, the driving distance was 
greater, 
The proportion of nonresidents participating in a fishery 
affects the total daily expenditure. Even though a portion of their 
transportation and trip costs may be charged off to other purposes, 
such as visiting relatives or sightseeing, the nonresident's expendi- 
tures directly applicable to the fishery are considerably greater than 
for the resident and appreciably increase the average fisherman's daily 
expenditure where a number of nonresidents are involved, Transpor- 
tation and trip expenditures at Ocean Lake [2, 3], the North Fork Sun 
River above Gibson Reservoir [201 , Hebgen Reservoir [21 , ard the 
North Platte River [17] --all of which were patronized by many non- 
residents--reflect this situation. Between 14 and 59 percent of the 
fishermen using these fisheries were from out-of-state, 
Nonresidents have higher license fees than residents, and 
frequently have more expensive equipment; thus it would be expected 
that expenditures listed in the investment and annual categories would 
be high in cases where nonresident usage was high, However, this 
limited study did not permit such a refinement in the figures for annual 
and investment expenditures shown in table l. 
Trip expenditures are generally lower than transportation 
expenses, In the two cases where trip expenditures took on a greater 
