Breeding Ground Survey Data 
NORTHERN SASKATCHEWAN, NORTHERN MANITOBA, AND ONTARIO 
Weather and Water Conditions 
Phenological development in the survey area was 10 days to two 
weeks earlier than "normal" and the season was considered advanced about 
two weeks over last year. 
A comparatively mild, open winter with reduced precipitation 
resulted in little runoff and progressively declining water levels. Low 
humidity. and high winds were prevalent during May which contributed to the 
presence of widespread fires. 
Breeding Population Indices 
It is usual during the breeding population survey in this area to 
record the bulk of the duck population (except scaup) as either pairs or 
single drakes. However, during the 1958 survey a surprising portion of the 
total were observed as groups of mixed sexes. This was particularly true 
of mallards and pintails. It is unlikely that these grouped birds were 
attempting to breed. . 
Aerial Coverage ~ May 1958 

Area 
Strata Square No. 18-Mile Linea], Sq. Miles 
Province Description Miles Segnents : Miles Surveyed 
Ontario Closed 
Forest (C) 195,572 — 75 1,350 337-5 
Manitoba Closed | 
Forest (C) 67,360 55 1,090 247.5 
Manitoba Sask. River 
Delta (D) 3,960 12 216 54.0 
Saskatchewan Closed 
(South of Forest (C) 50,990 63 1,134 283.7 
55° 30') 
Saskatchewan Closed 
(North of Forest (C) 111,070 33 604. 151.0 
55° 30°) 
TOTAL 418,952 238 4, 394 1,073.07 

Bh; 
