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HENRY LEUTHARDT NURSERY 27 

One Espalier Tree Planted Against Wall or Fence— 
1. Drive spikes into the wall allowing 6 inches to 
| protrude from the wall. The spikes should be set be- 
_ hind the end leaders. 
2. Stretch wire horizontally and attach wire to the 
3. The first series of wire is placed a few inches 
_ below the horizontal branch for best results. Hence, the 
_ vertical leaders will not have a tendency to spring up- 
_ward. The second series of wire should be stretched 
_ below the center U. The third series of wire should 
_ be stretched at a point where you intend the tree to ul- 
_ timately reach. 
4, Tie the main leaders carefully to the wires with 
tarred twine, raffia or willow. 
Two or more Espalier Trees Planted Against a 
, Wall or Fence— 
1. At either end of planting, drive spikes into 
| wall, behind the main leaders, allowing 6 inches to 
_ protrude. 
2. If several trees are planted, spikes may. be set 
at intervals, wherever support is needed. 
3. The first set of spikes should be placed 18 
inches above the ground. Place spikes at points where 
in your estimation the trees will require most suppott. 
4, Tie leaders to wire with raffia, tarred twine or 
| willow. 
PRUNING—Espalier Dwarf Fruit Trees—Peach, 
_ Nectarine, Apricot. The essential pruning should be 
_ done during the summer. Pinch every new shoot to 
| two eyes, in doing so, two new young branches will 
be obtained. In the following spring one of these 
branches should be allowed to bloom, prune the other 
one down to two eyes. This one gives you the two 
young branches for the coming year. This procedure 
» done every year creates a continual new supply of 
| young wood. It prevents the side branches from be- 
| coming too big and taking all the strength. By fol- 
lowing this method, the era of productivity of a peach 
| tree is almost doubled. The bearing spurs are easily 
recognized during the dormant period, as all the bloom- 
ing eyes ate double. This enables one to decide more 
easily which branch to leave. Since Peach, Nectarine 
and Apricot trees all bear fruit only on the new wood 
made the previous year, this pruning must be followed 
very closely, if fruit is desired. After leaders have 
attained 15 inches, tie back like backbone of a fish so 
as to allow the sunshine and light to reach the eyes 
_as the bearing eyes develop on the new wood during 
September and October, when exposed to the sun. 
PRUNING FAN SHAPED ESPALIERS—Follow 
instructions above. In addition, any side shoots that 
develop outward, cut the shoots back to 4 inches. This 
tule applies to a]] varieties. 
