Lycopodium selago 
Alopecurus alpinus 
Arctagrostis latifolia 
Calamagrostis deschampsioides 
Poa arctica 
Carex bipartita 
Luzula wohlengergii 
Aconitum delphinifolium 
Sedum roseum 
Saxifraga hieracifolia 
S. punctata 
Gentiana glauca 
Lagotis glauca 
Pedicularis capitata 
Valeriana capitata 
Artemisia arctica var. beringensis 

4.) WET, POORLY-DRAINED MEADOWS: Bog meadows are common in 
some sections of the flats, in broad valleys and low mountain 
passes where level ground is poorly drained. Sedges predom- 
inate in such sites. Eriophorum angustifolium and E. russeolum 
var. albidum are very common but do not form true hummocks 
characteristic of the sub-arctic muskegs. Carex stans and C. 
bipartita occur as codominants on these sites and are grazed 
heavily by reindeer in the summer. The intervening areas be- 
tween the sedges are occupied by Sphagnum sp., other mosses, 
a few lichens (Cladonia alpestris, Thamnolia vermicularis and 
others) and such higher plant forms as Petasites frigidus, 
Rubus arcticus, Potentilla palustris and Salix arbutifolia. 
The vegetative summaries from Transects 4 and 5 (Appendix Table 
2) are typical of the bog meadow type (Fig. 21). Evidence of 
the presence in the past of permafrost on the island is indi- 
cated in some of the low bog meadows where "pingo' mounds 
have been pushed up by frost action (Fig. 22). 
5.) ROCK RUBBLE FIELDS AND HIGH RIDGE TOPS: Vegetation on 
high rock rubble fields and ridge tops of frost-sorted scree 
is mainly restricted to crustose lichens. Frost action is 
very apparent in these locations, forming stone polygons and 
stripes, and on the ridge tops, sorting the scree into a 
"pavement" of rocks of uniform size (Fig 14). Soil formation 
is very limited, occurring in pockets where fine material has 
been brought to the surface by frost boils. Where protection 
from the-wind is affordei, these soil pockets support lush 
growths of lichens, including Cladonia alpestris, Sphaerophorus 
globosus and others. Carex nesophila is interspersed with 
the lichens. Unfortunately, the total area occupied by the 
"nockets"' of vegetation is small. 

21 
