Nonresponse, 1961 
Nonresponse interviews were carried out only in the 2 p.m. zone at the 
close of the 1961 season. Time was not available to carry out as many inter- 
views as we should like. Information that was gathered indicated that non- 
respondents differed less from respondents than was the case in 1960. Inas- 
much as this was a smal] sample, in 196] the two years were pooled to provide 
an estimated 30 percent reduction of the 1961 reported kill for nonresponse. 
Cumulative Kill Estimate, 1961 
The table following summarizes the harvest estimates for each period of 
the season as derived from the questionnaire returns and corrected for non- 
response. 
Table 14 - HARVEST BY PERIODS AND BY ZONES, 1961 
Period 2 p-m. zone Outside zone Period total 
Oct. 7-8 452 993 1,445 
9-10 381 662 1,043 
11-12 456 592 1,048 
13-14 31D 735 | 1,110 
15-16 290 384 674 
17-18 187% 455 642 
19 closed 210 210 
20 - 122 122 
21-22 - 300 300 
Total 2,141 4453 6,594 

*2 p.m. zone was closed on October 17, 1961. 
The grand total for the kill of 6,594 on private land, uncorrected for 
underreporting, etc., compares very favorably with the ground survey esti- 
mate of 6,674. Estimates for the harvest in each of the 2-day periods were 
available within 3 days of the last day of the period. 
POSSIBLE ADAPTATION OF HORICON PLAN TO OTHER AREAS 
Determination of Area of Influence 
One of the first steps to be taken before any plan of hunter survey is 
set up should be a determination of area of influence as a guide for develop- 
ing the extent of coverage needed. This can best be done by observations on 
flight patterns, movements of birds to and from the refuge, the effect of 
physical features on bird movements, the effect of weather and food conditions, 
population pressures on the refuge, gunning pressure around the area, and 
initial determination of areas where greatest kill occurs. 
Basically, it is desirable to know where, when, and how birds move away 
from and back to the refuge, and how far they range and disperse after they 
do leave. Once this information is available, the groundwork for a hunter- 
survey plan will have been completed. 
i 
29 
