
9. Hides of mature male walruses are worth approximately $150 
f.o.b. Seattle. Very few hides have reached the market since export be- 
came legal in 1956. Encouraging sale of suitable hides would result in 
greater value being received from the animals killed. 
10. Trophy hunting by whites results in a greater value of the 
individual walrus killed. It also reduces the amount of time that can be 
spent on other walrus hunting by the Eskimos acting as guides, and thus 
reduces the kill. 
11. The only hauling ground regularly used by walruses in 
Alaska is in the Walrus Islands in Bristol Bay. The walruses there 
should be given complete protection. 
NEEDED KNOWLEDGE OF THE PACIFIC WALRUS 
The additional knowledge needed to effectively manage the 
Pacific walrus is categorized in the following outline: 
1. Population level and distribution; 
a. Total numbers and distribution, in both U.S. and U.S.S.R. 
waters. 
b. Sex and age composition. Distribution by sexes and ages 
in time and space. For example, during what part of the 
year are the Walrus Islands used by walrus, and where do 
these animals spend the rest of their time? What 
segregations occur seasonally, if any? 
c. Factors affecting distribution, such as ice location 
and drift, ice formation in the fall, southern limit of 
ice in winter, etc. 
2. Biology: 
a. Improved methods of age-determination, as an aid to 
solving b and c. 
b. Recruitment: 
1). Sex ratio, at birth and at succeeding ages. 
2). Segments of the population involved in breeding, 
and breeding behavior. Geographic location of 
breeding. 
3). Minimum breeding age, by sexes. 
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