toe PEOW ER 45 
Let K represenit calyx, 
eee 8: ‘ corolla, 
ees ‘ androecium, 
7 GS = eyheciiEm 
Then the floral formula of the violet is K5 C5 A5G®. The 
figures denote the number of floral leaves forming each whorl ; 
if joined, these are put in brackets. If the gynecium is 
superior, the number of carpels forming it is placed above the 
line drawn horizontally ; if inferior, below the line. 
The floral formula of primrose is K(5)C(5) A5 G®. This 
formula shows at a glance that in the primrose nearly all the 
floral leaves are joined, that the number of leaves in each 
whorl is five, and that the gynecium is superior. 
The floral formula of snowdrop is P3+3, A343, Ge. P 
represents perianth, which is composed of six leaves, arranged 
in two whorls, therefore written 3 +3 instead of 6. 
