A large cloacal gland was described by Coil and 
Wetherbee (1959) 4n the Quail (Coturnix coturnix) which exudes 
a copious mucoid secretion presumably of o gate function in 
copulation and therefore pertinent to fertility. 
3- During copulation. 
a) "Chastity belt" devices. 
Interest has been expressed in the possibility of 
using "chastity belt" devices to inhibit the transfer of semen 
from male to female birds. When studies of methods of semen 
collection for both artificial insemination and metabolism 
studies in the domestic fowl were being initiated, several such 
devices were used and have been described in the literature. 
Kamar (1958) has made reference to these in his extensive biblie 
ography on methods of collecting semen. 
In their studies of the transparent fluid of cock 
semen, Nishiyama and Fujishima (1961) made use of a collecting 
device to obtain semen samples from natural matings. It con- 
sisted of a small vinyl pouch attached to an oval wire ring 
five centimetres in diameter. An elastic sling was attached to 
the sides of the collector and extended around the base of both 
wings of the bird. The collector covered the vent and the 
processes of both pubic bones and was held fairly well in place 
by them. "If the elastic sling was stretched in equal intensi- 
ties on both sides and was not too loose, the collector scarcely 
slipped from the vent during the mating action, even when the 
cock tried vigcrously. This semen collector was very light and 
the semen could be collected in a state of natural copulation." 
b) The copulatory organ. 
Wolfson (1960) deseribed the ejaculate of passerines 
as a viscous drop of material which is essentially a “solida" 
mass of motile sperm. He further described a penile organ that 
serves in actually intromitting the relatively small amount of 
ejaculate. The presence of a penis-like organ has long been 
recognized in waterfowl and the hormonal control of the “penis" 
has recently been elucidated by Hohn (1960). Coil and Wetherbee 
(1959) deseribed a penile structure in the Quail (CGoturn 
coturnix). The existence of an intromissive organ in birds 
presents another mechanical and/or physiological site vulnerable 
to manipulation in thwarting fertility. 
ec) Effect of aberrant behavior. 
Aberrancy in birds may have a basis in hormones and 
faulty behavior releasing mechanisms. Reference has been found 
to three studies in which aberrant behavior seems to be impli-~ 
il 
