2. Upper Wing (continued): 
(a) Tertials two proximal feathers black, others gray with 
black edges, tips of all smoothly rounded; greater 
secondary coverts white with black edges; greater 
tertial coverts black with smoothly rounded tips ---- Adult Females 
(b) Tertials blackish gray with black edges, narrow to 
"wispy' tips; greater secondary coverts white and 
unedged; greater tertial coverts blackish-gray, 
Immatures 
narrow to "wispy" tips ---------------------+-------- 
KEY TO RUDDY DUCK WINGS 
1. Upper Wing: 
(a) Tertials curved and drooping; greater 
tertial coverts rounded at tips; middle 
coverts rounded and smooth ----------<--------------- Adults 
(b) Tertials straight; greater tertial coverts 
somewhat squared at tips, appearing trapezoidal 
middle coverts slightly trapezoidal often rough ----- Immatures 
KEY TO BRANT WINGS 1/ 
1. Secondary Coverts: 
(a) Middle coverts all heavily edged with a light 
colored band -----~--------------------+------+------+-- Immature 
(b) Middle coverts solid brownish-gray ------------------ Adult 
1/ Applies to both North American species 
a INT, DUP. ,D.C.64-46841 
