
STEMS or 
The stem of Solomon’s Seal, or Scirpus, shows Ls points 
ot structure very 
well. It does con- 
sist of nodes and 
internodes ; it bears 
brown scales; it 
gives off roots at the 
nodes, and forms 
buds; therefore, it 
is a stem, how a 
root. : 
The structure of 
the bulb, corm of cro- 
cus, tuber of potato, 
shows that they, too, 
are all of the nature 
of stems. — 


Fic. 23.--UNDERGROUND STEM oF SCIRPUS. 
n, node ; wnt, internode ; c.sc, covering 
scales ; 7, roots; bd, bud; ae, aerial shoot. 
Structure The bulb of 
of Bilb;  -. tulip or 
hyacinth is covered with 
brown scales. When these 
are taken off there are 
numbers of thick, white, 
fleshy scales, arranged one 
over the other. Within 
these are the floral leaves. 
All these leaves are borne 
by a flattened portion, the 
stem, 
Structure A corm 
Fic. 24.—Buizp or Tuurr, Lonct- of Corm. which is begin- 
TUDINAL SECTION, ning to form the flower 
st, stem portion ; 7, roots; c.sc, brown — ghowe the following 
covering scales ; se.l, white fleshy scales ; : 
fl, foliage leaves ; for, floral leaves. parts : 
1. Roots springing from 
the circumference on the dndorside. 
2. A few covering scales, which are found to be attached to 
8. A solid white portion, the stem. 
